Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Oxford Mountaineering Essays
Oxford Mountaineering Essays

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Oxford Mountaineering Essays is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Oxford Mountaineering Essays
Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It darkens.
I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.
The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’
Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.
Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Oxford Mountaineering Essays

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Oxford Mountaineering Essays is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It darkens.
Line 2
I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.
/aɪ hæv lɔːst ðə fɔːrd ðer ɪz ə tʃeɪndʒ ɑːn ɔːl θɪŋz meɪd/
Line 3
The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’
/ðə rɑːks hæv ˈiːvəl ˈfeɪsəz lɔːrd ənd aɪ æm ˈɑːfli əˈfreɪd/
Line 4
Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.
/ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt əˈtenʃən ɪz peɪd tuː ðə ˈkjʊriəs ˈdeɪtə ðæt ˈmaʊntɪnɪrɪŋ kənˈtrɪbjuːts tuː ðə saɪˈkɑːlədʒi ʌv ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/
Line 5
Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contributes verb US /kənˈtrɪbjuːts/

third-person singular of “contribute” — bestow a quality on

From this reading “Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.”

data noun US /ˈdeɪtə/

a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn

From this reading “Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.”

exhaustion noun US /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/

extreme fatigue

From this reading “Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.”

Insufficient adjective US /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity not able to fulfill a need or requirement

From this reading “Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.”

mountaineering noun US /ˈmaʊntɪnɪrɪŋ/

the activity of climbing a mountain

From this reading “Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.”

outcome noun US /ˈaʊtkʌm/

something that results

From this reading “Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.”

overpowering adjective US /ˈoʊvərˈpaʊrɪŋ/

so strong as to be irresistible

From this reading “Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.”

psychology noun US /saɪˈkɑːlədʒi/

the science of mental life

From this reading “Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

different character adjective + noun

In this reading “Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.”

all things adjective + noun

In this reading “I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.”

All words in this reading · 47

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

afraidadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

awfullyadverbUS /ˈɑːfli/

used as intensifiers

From this reading The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

contributesverbUS /kənˈtrɪbjuːts/

third-person singular of “contribute” — bestow a quality on

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

darkens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ‘It darkens.

datanounUS /ˈdeɪtə/

a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’

exhaustionnounUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/

extreme fatigue

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

ExperiencesnounUS /ɪkˈspɪriənsɪz/

plural of “experience” — the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’

fordnounUS /fɔːrd/

United States film maker (1896-1973)

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

InsufficientadjectiveUS /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity not able to fulfill a need or requirement

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading ‘It darkens.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

Morte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

mountaineeringnounUS /ˈmaʊntɪnɪrɪŋ/

the activity of climbing a mountain

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

outcomenounUS /ˈaʊtkʌm/

something that results

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

overpoweringadjectiveUS /ˈoʊvərˈpaʊrɪŋ/

so strong as to be irresistible

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

Plaine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

psychologynounUS /saɪˈkɑːlədʒi/

the science of mental life

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

rocksnounUS /rɑːks/

plural of “rock” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The rocks have evil faces, Lord, And I am awfully afraid.’

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading I have lost the ford, There is a change on all things made.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Insufficient attention is paid to the curious data that mountaineering contributes to the psychology of exhaustion.

wearinessnounUS /ˈwɪrinəs/

temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Experiences of a different character were the outcome of another struggle on the Plaine Morte against overpowering weariness.

Chapter 4 of Oxford Mountaineering Essays by Arnold [Editor] Lunn holds 402 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Oxford Mountaineering Essays contain?

Chapter 4 holds 402 sentences of Oxford Mountaineering Essays, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Oxford Mountaineering Essays by Arnold [Editor] Lunn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 402 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Oxford Mountaineering Essays?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Oxford Mountaineering Essays

Common questions about reading Oxford Mountaineering Essays by Arnold [Editor] Lunn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Oxford Mountaineering Essays?

Yes. All 1741 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56063 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Oxford Mountaineering Essays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56063, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Oxford Mountaineering Essays take to read?

About 145 minutes of reading across 349 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Oxford Mountaineering Essays section by section

How to work through Oxford Mountaineering Essays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Oxford Mountaineering Essays to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Oxford Mountaineering Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in Oxford Mountaineering Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Delimited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oxford Mountaineering Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oxford Mountaineering Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Signs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oxford Mountaineering Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oxford Mountaineering Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.