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Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III
Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III is here in full — 405 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!
He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!
For auld lang syne, kind frien,’ For auld lang syne!
Take that!” and so I laid him flat, “For auld lang syne!”
[_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III is here in full — 405 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!
Line 2
He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!
Line 3
For auld lang syne, kind frien,’ For auld lang syne!
Line 4
Take that!” and so I laid him flat, “For auld lang syne!”
Line 5
[_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

auld adjective US /ɔːld/

a Scottish word

From this reading “I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!”

blow verb US /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading “He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!”

Christmas noun US /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

drove noun US /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading “He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!”

flat adjective US /flæt/

having a surface without slope, tilt in which no part is higher or lower than another

From this reading “Take that!” and so I laid him flat, “For auld lang syne!””

foul adjective US /faʊl/

highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust

From this reading “He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!”

stabbed verb US /stæbd/

inflected form of “stab” — use a knife on

From this reading “I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!”

trusty noun US /ˈtrʌsti/

a convict who is considered trustworthy and granted special privileges

From this reading “He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

goes out verb + adjective counted as “go out”

move out of or depart from

In this reading “[_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.”

All words in this reading · 42

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1885

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.

26

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

auldadjectiveUS /ɔːld/

a Scottish word

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading [_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.

criedverbUS /kraɪd/

inflected form of “cry” — utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

flatadjectiveUS /flæt/

having a surface without slope, tilt in which no part is higher or lower than another

From this reading Take that!” and so I laid him flat, “For auld lang syne!”

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

fouladjectiveUS /faʊl/

highly offensive; arousing aversion or disgust

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

frien

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading [_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.

gude

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading [_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.

He'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Take that!” and so I laid him flat, “For auld lang syne!”

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading For auld lang syne, kind frien,’ For auld lang syne!

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading Take that!” and so I laid him flat, “For auld lang syne!”

lang

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

NumbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading [_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading [_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.

RightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Take that!” and so I laid him flat, “For auld lang syne!”

stabbedverbUS /stæbd/

inflected form of “stab” — use a knife on

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

syne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

TakeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Take that!” and so I laid him flat, “For auld lang syne!”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Take that!” and so I laid him flat, “For auld lang syne!”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I stabbed my auld frien’[26] in the back, For auld lang syne!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

trustynounUS /ˈtrʌsti/

a convict who is considered trustworthy and granted special privileges

From this reading He’d been a trusty frien’ to me, Right gude to me and mine; And as I drove the foul blow home, I cried “For auld lang syne!

TruthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading [_He goes out._ _Truth_, _Christmas Number_, 1885.

Chapter 8 of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III by Walter [Compiler] Hamilton holds 405 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III contain?

Chapter 8 holds 405 sentences of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III by Walter [Compiler] Hamilton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 405 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III

Common questions about reading Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III by Walter [Compiler] Hamilton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III?

Yes. All 10809 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #70545 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #70545, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2162 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III section by section

How to work through Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 27 chapters of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III

Words and structures a reader meets early in Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Fellow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Royal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Geographical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Historical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Parodies of the works of English & American — vol. III; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.