Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2)
Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2)

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) is here in full — 6 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2)
Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 6 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 6
EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.
Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.
How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.
How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.
Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.
How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2)

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) is here in full — 6 sentences across 2 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 6 reading units · Lines 1–6

Line 1
EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.
Line 2
Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.
Line 3
How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.
Line 4
How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.
Line 5
Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.
Line 6
How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bough noun US /baʊ/

any of the larger branches of a tree

From this reading “How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.”

Château noun US /ʃæˈtoʊ/

A large French country house or castle, often surrounded by expansive estates and private galleries.

From this reading “Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.”

dwellers noun US /ˈdwelərz/

plural of “dweller” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading “Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.”

Gawain noun US /ˈɡɑːwən/

(Arthurian legend) a nephew of Arthur and one of the knights of the Round Table

From this reading “EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.”

love's noun US /lʌvz/

possessive form of “love” — a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading “EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.”

overcame verb US /ˈoʊvərˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “overcome” — win a victory over

From this reading “How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.”

reconciliation noun US /ˌrekənsɪliˈeɪʃən/

the reestablishing of cordial relations

From this reading “Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.”

recounts noun US /ˌriːˈkaʊnts/

plural of “recount” — an additional (usually a second) count; especially of the votes in a close election

From this reading “EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

single combat adjective + noun

a fight between two people

In this reading “How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.”

urged by verb + particle counted as “urge by”

In this reading “How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.”

fought with verb + particle counted as “fight with”

In this reading “How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

ARGUMENTnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/

a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

beheldverbUS /biˈheld/

inflected form of “behold” — see with attention

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

biddingnounUS /ˈbɪdɪŋ/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

BooknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.

boughnounUS /baʊ/

any of the larger branches of a tree

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

challengedverbUS /ˈtʃæləndʒd/

past form of “challenge” — take exception to

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

ChâteaunounUS /ʃæˈtoʊ/

A large French country house or castle, often surrounded by expansive estates and private galleries.

From this reading Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.

combatnounUS /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

daredverbUS /derd/

past form of “dare” — take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

deedsnounUS /diːdz/

performance of moral or religious acts

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

dwellersnounUS /ˈdwelərz/

plural of “dweller” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.

EIDEGAST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

FordnounUS /fɔːrd/

United States film maker (1896-1973)

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

GawainnounUS /ˈɡɑːwən/

(Arthurian legend) a nephew of Arthur and one of the knights of the Round Table

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

Gawain's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

Gramoflanz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

guardedadjectiveUS /ˈɡɑːrdəd/

prudent

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

Ioflanz

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

kinsmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

knightnounUS /naɪt/

originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

knightsnounUS /naɪts/

plural of “knight” — originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

love'snounUS /lʌvz/

possessive form of “love” — a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

magicnounUS /ˈmædʒɪk/

any art that invokes supernatural powers

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

Merveil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.

mockerynounUS /ˈmɑːkəri/

showing your contempt by derision

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

monarchnounUS /ˈmɑːnɑːrk/

a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

naughtnounUS /nɔːt/

a quantity of no importance

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

Orgelusé

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

Orgelusé's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

overcameverbUS /ˈoʊvərˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “overcome” — win a victory over

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

PerilousadjectiveUS /ˈperələs/

fraught with danger

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

perilsnounUS /ˈperəlz/

plural of “peril” — a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

pillarnounUS /ˈpɪlər/

a fundamental principle or practice

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

pluckedadjectiveUS /plʌkt/

of a stringed instrument; sounded with the fingers or a plectrum

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

poetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

reconciliationnounUS /ˌrekənsɪliˈeɪʃən/

the reestablishing of cordial relations

From this reading Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.

recountsnounUS /ˌriːˈkaʊnts/

plural of “recount” — an additional (usually a second) count; especially of the votes in a close election

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

repentancenounUS /rɪˈpentəns/

remorse for your past conduct

From this reading Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

secretlyadverbUS /ˈsiːkrɪtli/

in secrecy; not openly

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

squirenounUS /skwaɪr/

young nobleman attendant on a knight

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading How he plucked a bough from a tree guarded by King Gramoflanz, and was challenged by that monarch to single combat.

Turkowit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

urgedverbUS /ɜːrdʒd/

past form of “urge” — force or impel in an indicated direction

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

valiantadjUS /ˈvæl.jənt/

Possessing or showing courage or determination; heroic. (Dũng cảm, quả cảm, anh hùng.)

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

venturenounUS /ˈventʃər/

any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

watch-tower

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of the watch-tower in the castle, and the magic pillar, and how Gawain beheld the coming of Orgelusé and her knight.

welcomedverbUS /ˈwelkəmd/

past form of “welcome” — accept gladly

From this reading Of the repentance of Orgelusé, and her reconciliation with Gawain, and how both were welcomed by the dwellers in Château Merveil.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading How Gawain fought with and overcame the Turkowit, and how he was urged by Orgelusé's mockery to the venture of the Perilous Ford.

witnessnounUS /ˈwɪtnəs/

someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading How Gawain secretly sent a squire to the court of King Arthur bidding him, his knights and ladies, to Ioflanz to witness the combat between Gawain and Gramoflanz.

XIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading EIDEGAST ARGUMENT In Book XII. the poet recounts the valiant deeds done by Gawain's kinsmen for love's sake, and how they were as naught to the perils dared by Gawain.

Chapter 4 of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) by von Eschenbach Wolfram holds 6 sentences, grouped into 2 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) contain?

Chapter 4 holds 6 sentences of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2), unabridged, divided into 2 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) by von Eschenbach Wolfram exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 6 sentences, grouped into 2 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2)?

Work through the 2 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 2 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2)

Common questions about reading Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) by von Eschenbach Wolfram on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2)?

Yes. All 2736 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47298 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47298, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) take to read?

About 228 minutes of reading across 548 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) section by section

How to work through Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 19 chapters of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Anastatic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Reprint
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edition
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Parzival: A Knightly Epic (Vol. 2 of 2); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.