Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1
Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 is here in full — 453 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1
Context Illustration Reading 63/90 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.
The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.
At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.
Was this the Virginian Smith?
Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 is here in full — 453 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 63/90 · 5 reading units · Lines 311–315

Line 1
A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.
/ə striːt ɔːr ˈʌðər loʊˈkeɪʃən maɪt biː priˈzentɪd wer ðer wʊd biː ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti tuː brɪŋ ˈfɔːrwərd ɔːl ˈɑːbdʒekts ʌv ˈwɜːrldli ˈɪntrəst ənd ðʌs mʌtʃ ˈplezənt ˈsætaɪər maɪt biː ðə rɪˈzʌlt/
Line 2
The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.
Line 3
At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.
Line 4
Was this the Virginian Smith?
/wɑːz ðɪs ðə vərˈdʒɪnjən smɪθ/
Line 5
Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

forked adjective US /fɔːrkt/

resembling a fork; divided or separated into two branches

From this reading “The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.”

groom verb US /ɡruːm/

educate for a future role or function

From this reading “At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.”

guarding verb US /ˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “guard” — to keep watch over

From this reading “At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.”

location noun US /loʊˈkeɪʃən/

a point or extent in space

From this reading “A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.”

rescued adjective US /ˈreskjuːd/

delivered from danger

From this reading “At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.”

satire noun US /ˈsætaɪər/

witty language used to convey insults or scorn

From this reading “A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.”

Stuart's noun US /ˈstuːərts/

possessive form of “stuart” — United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)

From this reading “At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.”

Virginian noun US /vərˈdʒɪnjən/

a native or resident of Virginia

From this reading “Was this the Virginian Smith?”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1642

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

23

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

Abyssinians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

AdamnounUS /ˈædəm/

(Old Testament) in Judeo-Christian mythology; the first man and the husband of Eve and the progenitor of the human race

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

arquebusiers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

attackedverbUS /əˈtækt/

past form of “attack” — launch an attack or assault on; begin hostilities or start warfare with

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

bodiesnounUS /ˈbɑːdiz/

plural of “body” — the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

clothedadjectiveUS /kloʊðd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

cuirassiers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

discomposeverb

cause to lose one's composure

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

dressingnounUS /ˈdresɪŋ/

savory dressings for salads; basically of two kinds: either the thin French or vinaigrette type or the creamy mayonnaise type

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

EdgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

EvenounUS /iːv/

(Old Testament) Adam's wife in Judeo-Christian mythology: the first woman and mother of the human race; God created Eve from Adam's rib and placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

forkedadjectiveUS /fɔːrkt/

resembling a fork; divided or separated into two branches

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

Gowans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

groomverbUS /ɡruːm/

educate for a future role or function

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

guardingverbUS /ˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “guard” — to keep watch over

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

HillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

LieutenantnounUS /luːˈtenənt/

a commissioned military officer

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

locationnounUS /loʊˈkeɪʃən/

a point or extent in space

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

OctobernounUS /ɑːkˈtoʊbər/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

officernounUS /ˈɔːfəsər/

any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

ParliamentnounUS /ˈpɑːrləmənt/

a legislative assembly in certain countries

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

rescuedadjectiveUS /ˈreskjuːd/

delivered from danger

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

robesnounUS /roʊbz/

plural of “robe” — any loose flowing garment

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

satirenounUS /ˈsætaɪər/

witty language used to convey insults or scorn

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

sinnounUS /sɪn/

estrangement from god

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

SmithnounUS /smɪθ/

Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in 1919)

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

soldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

standardadjectiveUS /ˈstændərd/

conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

StephennounUS /ˈstiːvən/

English writer (1832-1904)

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

stickverbUS /stɪk/

put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

Stuart'snounUS /ˈstuːərts/

possessive form of “stuart” — United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Was this the Virginian Smith?

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

vanishedadjectiveUS /ˈvænɪʃt/

having passed out of existence

From this reading Stephen Gowans supposed that the bodies of Adam and Eve were clothed in robes of light, which vanished after their sin.

VirginiannounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjən/

a native or resident of Virginia

From this reading Was this the Virginian Smith?

Wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Was this the Virginian Smith?

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading At the battle of Edge Hill, October 23, 1642, Captain John Smith, a soldier of note, Captain Lieutenant to Lord James Stuart's horse, with only a groom, attacked a Parliament officer, three cuirassiers, and three arquebusiers, and rescued the royal standard, which they had taken and were guarding.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Abyssinians, after dressing their hair, sleep with their heads in a forked stick, in order not to discompose it.

worldlyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrldli/

characteristic of or devoted to the temporal world as opposed to the spiritual world

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading A street, or other location, might be presented, where there would be opportunity to bring forward all objects of worldly interest, and thus much pleasant satire might be the result.

Chapter 1 of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 by Nathaniel Hawthorne holds 453 sentences, grouped into 91 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 453 sentences of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 91 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 by Nathaniel Hawthorne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 453 sentences, grouped into 91 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1?

Work through the 91 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 91 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1

Common questions about reading Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 by Nathaniel Hawthorne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1?

Yes. All 2566 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8088 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8088, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 take to read?

About 213 minutes of reading across 514 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 section by section

How to work through Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Salem
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Juniper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Coves
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Passages from the American Notebooks, Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.