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Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete
Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.
We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.
I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.
We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.
To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.
Line 2
We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.
/wiː vjuːd ðə ˈpæləs ɑːn ðə ˈaʊtˈsaɪd tuː ənd sɔː wʌt hæd wʌns bɪn ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl ˈentrəns bʌt naʊ lʊkt laɪk æn ɑːrtʃt ˈwɪndoʊ ˈprɪti haɪ ɪn ðə wɔːl fɔːr ɪt hæd nɑːt bɪn ækˈsesəbəl ɪkˈsept baɪ ə ˈdrɔːbrɪdʒ/
Line 3
I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.
Line 4
We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.
Line 5
To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accessible adjective US /ækˈsesəbəl/

capable of being reached

From this reading “We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.”

arched adjective US /ɑːrtʃt/

constructed with or in the form of an arch or arches

From this reading “We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.”

drawbridge noun US /ˈdrɔːbrɪdʒ/

a bridge that can be raised to block passage or to allow boats or ships to pass beneath it

From this reading “We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.”

Edinburgh noun US /ˈedənbəroʊ/

the capital of Scotland; located in the Lothian Region on the south side of the Firth of Forth

From this reading “We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.”

Loch noun US /lɑːk/

a long narrow inlet of the sea in Scotland (especially when it is nearly landlocked)

From this reading “We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.”

palaces noun US /ˈpæləsəz/

plural of “palace” — a large and stately mansion

From this reading “I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.”

skirting adjective US /ˈskɜːrtɪŋ/

being all around the edges; enclosing

From this reading “We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.”

viewed verb US /vjuːd/

past form of “view” — deem to be

From this reading “We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.”

All words in this reading · 111

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

accessibleadjectiveUS /ækˈsesəbəl/

capable of being reached

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

archedadjectiveUS /ɑːrtʃt/

constructed with or in the form of an arch or arches

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

deeperadverbUS /ˈdiːpər/

comparative of “deeply” — to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

drawbridgenounUS /ˈdrɔːbrɪdʒ/

a bridge that can be raised to block passage or to allow boats or ships to pass beneath it

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.

EdinburghnounUS /ˈedənbəroʊ/

the capital of Scotland; located in the Lothian Region on the south side of the Firth of Forth

From this reading We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

enteringnounUS /ˈentərɪŋ/

a movement into or inward

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

Linlithgow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

LochnounUS /lɑːk/

a long narrow inlet of the sea in Scotland (especially when it is nearly landlocked)

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

pagesnounUS /ˈpeɪdʒəz/

plural of “page” — one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

palacesnounUS /ˈpæləsəz/

plural of “palace” — a large and stately mansion

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.

ruinnounUS /ˈruːən/

an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

shadowyadjectiveUS /ˈʃædoʊi/

filled with shade

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

skirtingadjectiveUS /ˈskɜːrtɪŋ/

being all around the edges; enclosing

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

tellingadjectiveUS /ˈtelɪŋ/

disclosing unintentionally something concealed

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading We left Linlithgow early this morning, and reached Edinburgh in half an hour.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

To-morrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

townsnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading To-morrow I suppose I shall try to set down what I see; at least, some points of it.

twilightnounUS /ˈtwaɪlaɪt/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

venerableadjectiveUS /ˈvenərəbəl/

impressive by reason of age

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

viewedverbUS /vjuːd/

past form of “view” — deem to be

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading We viewed the palace on the outside, too, and saw what had once been the principal entrance, but now looked like an arched window, pretty high in the wall; for it had not been accessible except by a drawbridge.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading We walked very late, entering, after all that we had seen, into the palace grounds, and skirting along Linlithgow Loch, which would be very beautiful if its banks were made shadowy with trees, instead of being almost bare.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading I might write pages in telling how venerable the ruin, looked, as the twilight fell deeper and deeper around it; but we have had enough of Linlithgow, especially as there have been so many old palaces and old towns to write about, and there will still be more.

Chapter 19 of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete by Nathaniel Hawthorne holds 393 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete contain?

Chapter 19 holds 393 sentences of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete by Nathaniel Hawthorne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 393 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete

Common questions about reading Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete by Nathaniel Hawthorne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete?

Yes. All 8364 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7878 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7878, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1673 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete section by section

How to work through Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete

Words and structures a reader meets early in Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Valued
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Friend
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Generous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Genial
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Passages from the English Notebooks, Complete; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.