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Past and Present
Past and Present

Chapter XXXVIII · Chapter 38

Chapter 38 of Past and Present is here in full — 87 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!
He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.
But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.
You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"
He answers, in indignant surprise: "Done with it?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Past and Present

Chapter XXXVIII · Chapter 38

Chapter 38 of Past and Present is here in full — 87 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!
Line 2
He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.
/hiː ɪz ə ˈwɜːrkər wɪð sʌtʃ tuːlz æz noʊ mæn ɪn ðɪs wɜːrld ˈevər bɪˈfɔːr hæd/
Line 3
But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.
Line 4
You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"
Line 5
He answers, in indignant surprise: "Done with it?
/hiː ˈænsərz ɪn ˌɪnˈdɪɡnənt sərˈpraɪz dʌn wɪð ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

astonishing adjective US /əˈstɑːnɪʃɪŋ/

surprising greatly

From this reading “But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.”

ominous adjective US /ˈɑːmənəs/

threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments

From this reading “But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.”

pound verb US /paʊnd/

hit hard with the hand, fist, or some heavy instrument

From this reading “You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"”

proves verb US /pruːvz/

third-person singular of “prove” — be shown or be found to be

From this reading “But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.”

realised adjective US /ˈriːəlaɪzd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading “You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"”

tools noun US /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading “He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.”

worker noun US /ˈwɜːrkər/

a person who works at a specific occupation

From this reading “The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!”

year's noun US /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading “You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

answersnounUS /ˈænsərz/

plural of “answer” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading He answers, in indignant surprise: "Done with it?

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

astonishingadjectiveUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃɪŋ/

surprising greatly

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

Corn-Laws

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

DoneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading He answers, in indignant surprise: "Done with it?

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

freelyadverbUS /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

indignantadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdɪɡnənt/

angered at something unjust or wrong

From this reading He answers, in indignant surprise: "Done with it?

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

LandedadjectiveUS /ˈlændəd/

owning or consisting of land or real estate

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

mischiefnounUS /ˈmɪstʃəf/

reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

No-worker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

ominousadjectiveUS /ˈɑːmənəs/

threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

passverbUS /pæs/

go across or through

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

pocketsnounUS /ˈpɑːkəts/

plural of “pocket” — a small pouch inside a garment for carrying small articles

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

poundverbUS /paʊnd/

hit hard with the hand, fist, or some heavy instrument

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

poundsnounUS /paʊndz/

plural of “pound” — 16 ounces avoirdupois

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

practicenounUS /ˈpræktəs/

a customary way of operation or behavior

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

proveverbUS /pruːv/

be shown or be found to be

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

provesverbUS /pruːvz/

third-person singular of “prove” — be shown or be found to be

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

realisedadjectiveUS /ˈriːəlaɪzd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

runsnounUS /rʌnz/

plural of “run” — a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

sitverbUS /sɪt/

be seated

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.

surprisenounUS /sərˈpraɪz/

the astonishment you feel when something totally unexpected happens to you

From this reading He answers, in indignant surprise: "Done with it?

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

three-hundred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

toolsnounUS /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

WorkernounUS /ˈwɜːrkər/

a person who works at a specific occupation

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading He is a Worker with such tools as no man in this world ever before had.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

Wrong-worker

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But in practice, very astonishing, very ominous to look at, he proves not a strong Worker;--you are too happy if he will prove but a No-worker, do nothing, and not be a Wrong-worker.

year'snounUS /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading The Landed A man with fifty, with five hundred, with a thousand pounds a day, given him freely, without condition at all,--on condition, as it now runs, that he will sit with his hands in his pockets and do no mischief, pass no Corn-Laws or the like,--he too, you would say, is or might be a rather strong Worker!

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You ask him, at the year's end: "Where is your three-hundred thousand pound; what have you realised to us with that?"

Chapter 38 of Past and Present by Thomas Carlyle holds 87 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 38 of Past and Present contain?

Chapter 38 holds 87 sentences of Past and Present, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 38 of Past and Present by Thomas Carlyle exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 87 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 38 of Past and Present?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 38 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 38 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Past and Present

Common questions about reading Past and Present by Thomas Carlyle on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Past and Present?

Yes. All 4084 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13534 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Past and Present is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13534, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Past and Present take to read?

About 340 minutes of reading across 817 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Past and Present section by section

How to work through Past and Present section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Past and Present to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Past and Present

Words and structures a reader meets early in Past and Present, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Example
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sphinx
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.