Chapter 1 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 89 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter I
Chapter 1 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 89 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
COLLECTED WORKS. VOL. XIII. PAST AND PRESENT. LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
Chapter 1 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 89 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
United States pioneer who planted apple trees as he traveled (1774-1845)
From this reading “LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.”
brought together in one place
From this reading “COLLECTED WORKS.”
a plot of ground where plants are cultivated
From this reading “LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.”
an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open
From this reading “LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.”
small in range or scope
From this reading “LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.”
the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center
From this reading “LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.”
the time that has elapsed
From this reading “PAST AND PRESENT.”
buildings for carrying on industrial labor
From this reading “COLLECTED WORKS.”
English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.
Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.
In this reading “COLLECTED WORKS.”
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading PAST AND PRESENT.
United States pioneer who planted apple trees as he traveled (1774-1845)
From this reading LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
brought together in one place
From this reading COLLECTED WORKS.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
a plot of ground where plants are cultivated
From this reading LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open
From this reading LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
small in range or scope
From this reading LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center
From this reading LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
the time that has elapsed
From this reading PAST AND PRESENT.
give an exhibition of to an interested audience
From this reading PAST AND PRESENT.
a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings
From this reading LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL (LIMITED), 11 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading VOL.
buildings for carrying on industrial labor
From this reading COLLECTED WORKS.
the cardinal number that is the sum of twelve and one
From this reading XIII.
Chapter 1 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle holds 89 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 1 holds 89 sentences of Past and Present — Vol. XIII, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 1 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 89 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.
Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.
Common questions about reading Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle on this page, its source edition and its audio.
Yes. All 4278 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26159 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.
Project Gutenberg eBook #26159, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.
About 356 minutes of reading across 856 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.
How to work through Past and Present — Vol. XIII section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.
Choose one of the 37 chapters of Past and Present — Vol. XIII to begin.
Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.
Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.
Words and structures a reader meets early in Past and Present — Vol. XIII, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.
