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Past and Present — Vol. XIII
Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 138 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 14 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle holds 138 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII contain?

Chapter 14 holds 138 sentences of Past and Present — Vol. XIII, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 138 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Is this the complete text of Past and Present — Vol. XIII?

Yes. All 4278 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26159 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #26159, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Past and Present — Vol. XIII take to read?

About 356 minutes of reading across 856 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Words and structures a reader meets early in Past and Present — Vol. XIII, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Collected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Works
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for Past and Present — Vol. XIII
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE ABBOT'S WAYS.
Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!
Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'
Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.
He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 138 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ABBOT'S WAYS.
Line 2
Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!
Line 3
Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'
Line 4
Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.
Line 5
He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Among preposition US /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading “Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!”

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'”

Except preposition US /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading “Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.”

Open verb US /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading “Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'”

Secret noun US /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading “Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'”

These determiner US /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading “Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'”

Unless conjunction US /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading “Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!”

Whence adverb US /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading “Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

Abbot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

ABBOT'S

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From this reading THE ABBOT'S WAYS.

acknowledged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

barrator

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

business

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

certain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

chanced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

contributed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

discontent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

enough

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

essent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

extraordinary

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

familiars

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

favour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

fit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

great

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

hard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

hard-tempered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

idonei

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

Indeed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

kindred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

kinds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

loved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

make

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

Monks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

never

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

nisi

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

Norfolk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

offices

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

old

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

paltenerius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

part

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

poor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

promote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

refused

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

reproaches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

rich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

Samson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

say

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

showed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

tenderly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ABBOT'S WAYS.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

totally

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

ungrateful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

unsocial

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

WAYS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ABBOT'S WAYS.

well

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

WhenceadverbUS /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading Whence great discontent among certain of these, who had contributed to make him Abbot: reproaches, open and secret, of his being 'ungrateful, hard-tempered, unsocial, a Norfolk _barrator_ and _paltenerius_.'

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Abbot Samson showed no extraordinary favour to the Monks who had been his familiars of old; did not promote them to offices,--_nisi essent idonei_, unless they chanced to be fit men!

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Indeed, except it were for _idonei_, 'fit men,' in all kinds, it was hard to say for whom Abbot Samson had much favour.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He loved his kindred well, and tenderly enough acknowledged the poor part of them; with the rich part, who in old days had never acknowledged him, he totally refused to have any business.