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Past and Present — Vol. XIII
Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 15 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle holds 21 sentences, grouped into 5 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII contain?

Chapter 15 holds 21 sentences of Past and Present — Vol. XIII, unabridged, divided into 5 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 21 sentences, grouped into 5 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII?

Work through the 5 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 5 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Common questions about reading Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Past and Present — Vol. XIII?

Yes. All 4278 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26159 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #26159, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Past and Present — Vol. XIII take to read?

About 356 minutes of reading across 856 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Past and Present — Vol. XIII section by section

How to work through Past and Present — Vol. XIII section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  2. Read one section

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Words and structures a reader meets early in Past and Present — Vol. XIII, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Collected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Works
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for Past and Present — Vol. XIII
Context Illustration Reading 1/5 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IN PARLIAMENT.
Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.
He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.
Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.
There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 21 sentences across 5 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/5 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN PARLIAMENT.
Line 2
Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.
Line 3
He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.
Line 4
Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.
Line 5
There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Being auxiliary verb US /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.”

Having auxiliary verb US /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading “Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!”

Though conjunction US /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.”

While conjunction US /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading “Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

Abbot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

also

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

ammunition

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

arbitrations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

away

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

battle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

Bill

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

brave

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

business

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

call

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

centre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

cheering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

Coeur-de-Lion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

Commonweal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

confused

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

confusions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

controversies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

damage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

decide

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

duly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

entrenched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

equip

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

Errant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

excommunicated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

favour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

fight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

first

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

great

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

greatly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

helmet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

hopes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN PARLIAMENT.

infinite

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

judge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

Justice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

King

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

Lackland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

Lackland's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

led

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

little

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

milites

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

needed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

Once

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

other

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From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

PARLIAMENT

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From this reading IN PARLIAMENT.

people

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From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

person

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From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

public

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From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

quarter

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From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

Reform

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From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

Samson

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From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

Samson's

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From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

say

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From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

send

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From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

siege

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From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

some

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From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

strive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

suchlike

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From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

take

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

then

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From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

There

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From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

took

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

tremendous

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From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!

usurpation

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From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

war-time

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Of Abbot Samson's public business we say little, though that also was great.

weighty

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From this reading He had to judge the people as Justice Errant, to decide in weighty arbitrations and public controversies; to equip his _milites_, send them duly in war-time to the King;--strive every way that the Commonweal, in his quarter of it, take no damage.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

Windleshora

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From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

Windsor

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From this reading Once, in the confused days of Lackland's usurpation, while Coeur-de-Lion was away, our brave Abbot took helmet himself, having first excommunicated all that should favour Lackland; and led his men in person to the siege of _Windleshora_, what we now call Windsor; where Lackland had entrenched himself, the centre of infinite confusions; some Reform Bill, then as now, being greatly needed.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There did Abbot Samson 'fight the battle of reform,'--with other ammunition, one hopes, than 'tremendous cheering' and suchlike!