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Past and Present — Vol. XIII
Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 23 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle holds 106 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII contain?

Chapter 23 holds 106 sentences of Past and Present — Vol. XIII, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 106 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Common questions about reading Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Past and Present — Vol. XIII?

Yes. All 4278 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26159 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #26159, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Past and Present — Vol. XIII take to read?

About 356 minutes of reading across 856 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Past and Present — Vol. XIII section by section

How to work through Past and Present — Vol. XIII section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of Past and Present — Vol. XIII to begin.

  2. Read one section

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    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Words and structures a reader meets early in Past and Present — Vol. XIII, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Collected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Works
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for Past and Present — Vol. XIII
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TWO CENTURIES.
The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.
It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.
Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.
Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Chapter XXIII

Chapter 23 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TWO CENTURIES.
Line 2
The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.
Line 3
It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.
Line 4
Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.
Line 5
Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.”

Christian noun US /ˈchristian/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.”

Itself pronoun US /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading “It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.”

Let auxiliary verb US /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading “Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.”

May modal verb US /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading “Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.”

Ours pronoun US /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading “The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.”

Though conjunction US /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.”

Thought noun US /ˈthought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.”

Wherefore adverb US /werˈfɔːr/

an old word meaning “why” or “for that reason”

From this reading “Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.”

Without preposition US /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1660

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

abandon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

acclamations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

accomplished

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

back

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

battle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

blaze

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

bonfires

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

bright

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

brightest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

British

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

CENTURIES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TWO CENTURIES.

Christian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

confusion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

Considered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

convenient

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

convulsion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

corners

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

decent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

despair

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

difficult

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

Dominions

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

effected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

ever

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

find

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

found

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

four

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

fulfilment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

God

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

God's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

govern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

Governing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

Grace

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

Healing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

henceforth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

hope

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

infinitely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

insight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

Law

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

looking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

make

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

mournfulest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

much

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

out

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

Parliament

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From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

Pretence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

prove

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From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

quiet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

Settlement

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

some

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

tar-barrels

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

thing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

thoughtnounUS /ˈthought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

took

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

trial

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

turns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

TWO

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading TWO CENTURIES.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

universal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

well

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

whereforeadverbUS /werˈfɔːr/

an old word meaning “why” or “for that reason”

From this reading Governing by the Christian Law of God had been found a thing of battle, convulsion, confusion, an infinitely difficult thing: wherefore let us now abandon it, and govern only by so much of God's Christian Law as--as may prove quiet and convenient for us.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Considered well, it was a Settlement to govern henceforth without God, with only some decent Pretence of God.

Year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Settlement effected by our 'Healing Parliament' in the Year of Grace 1660, though accomplished under universal acclamations from the four corners of the British Dominions, turns out to have been one of the mournfulest that ever took place in this land of ours.

yielded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It called and thought itself a Settlement of brightest hope and fulfilment, bright as the blaze of universal tar-barrels and bonfires could make it: and we find it now, on looking back on it with the insight which trial has yielded, a Settlement as of despair.