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Past and Present — Vol. XIII
Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Chapter XXXV

Chapter 35 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Chapter 35 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle holds 86 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 35 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII contain?

Chapter 35 holds 86 sentences of Past and Present — Vol. XIII, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 35 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 86 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 35 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 35 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 35 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Common questions about reading Past and Present — Vol. XIII by Thomas Carlyle on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Past and Present — Vol. XIII?

Yes. All 4278 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #26159 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #26159, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Past and Present — Vol. XIII take to read?

About 356 minutes of reading across 856 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Past and Present — Vol. XIII section by section

How to work through Past and Present — Vol. XIII section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of Past and Present — Vol. XIII to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Words and structures a reader meets early in Past and Present — Vol. XIII, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Collected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Works
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Present
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Past and Present — Vol. XIII; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cover illustration for Past and Present — Vol. XIII
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE DIDACTIC.
Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!
But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.
Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!
I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Past and Present — Vol. XIII

Chapter XXXV

Chapter 35 of Past and Present — Vol. XIII is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE DIDACTIC.
Line 2
Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!
Line 3
But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.
Line 4
Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!
Line 5
I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!”

Expect verb US /ɪkˈspekt/

to think that something will happen

From this reading “Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!”

Mine pronoun US /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.”

Providence noun US /ˈprɑː.və.dəns/

The protective care of God or nature as a spiritual power. (Sự quan phòng, thiên ý phù hộ.)

From this reading “But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

abate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

Bobus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

boot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

Certainly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

Course

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

Destiny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

DIDACTIC

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE DIDACTIC.

Divine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

dreadfully

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

effect

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

expectverbUS /ɪkˈspekt/

to think that something will happen

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

Experience

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

fond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

Friend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

good

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

gradually

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

guineas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

high

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

Houndsditch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

imagination

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

inflexible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

love

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

Mammonism

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

name

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

other

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

persons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

persuade

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

poor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

pounds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

preach

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

Preacher

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

preaching

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

ProvidencenounUS /ˈprɑː.və.dəns/

The protective care of God or nature as a spiritual power. (Sự quan phòng, thiên ý phù hộ.)

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

Prudence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

Quaker's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

refusal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

revert

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

school-wages

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

Sermon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

seven

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

soul

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

take

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

teaches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Experience does take dreadfully high school-wages; but he teaches like no other!

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DIDACTIC.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

Things

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

thousand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I revert to Friend Prudence the good Quaker's refusal of 'seven thousand pounds to boot.'

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Certainly it were a fond imagination to expect that any preaching of mine could abate Mammonism; that Bobus of Houndsditch will love his guineas less, or his poor soul more, for any preaching of mine!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But there is one Preacher who does preach with effect, and gradually persuade all persons: his name is Destiny, is Divine Providence, and his Sermon the inflexible Course of Things.