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Paul Jones
Paul Jones

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Paul Jones is here in full — 139 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
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On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.
“The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”
The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.
During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.
When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Paul Jones

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Paul Jones is here in full — 139 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.
Line 2
“The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”
Line 3
The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.
/ðə frentʃ ˈkæptənz wɜːr nɑːt æt fɜːrst ˈiːkwəl tuː ðɪs boʊld ˈprɑːdʒekt/
Line 4
During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.
Line 5
When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.
/wen ɪt wɑːz səbˈmɪtɪd tuː ðə ˈjʌŋɡər ˈɔːfəsərz ɔːl rəˈsiːvd ɪt wɪð ˈɑːrdər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ardor noun US /ˈɑːrdər/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading “When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.”

captains noun US /ˈkæptənz/

plural of “captain” — an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading “On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.”

capturing verb US /ˈkæptʃərɪŋ/

-ing form of “capture” — succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading “On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.”

Commodore noun US /ˈkɑːmədɔːr/

a commissioned naval officer who ranks above a captain and below a rear admiral; the lowest grade of admiral

From this reading “On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.”

contribution noun US /ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃən/

the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result

From this reading “On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.”

cutters noun US /ˈkʌtərz/

plural of “cutter” — someone who cuts or carves stone

From this reading “On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.”

Pallas noun US /ˈpæləs/

(Greek mythology) goddess of wisdom and useful arts and prudent warfare; guardian of Athens; identified with Roman Minerva

From this reading “On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.”

squadron noun US /ˈskwɑːdrən/

a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading “During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

hundred thousand noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the fifth power of ten

In this reading “On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.”

two hundred noun + noun

being ten more than one hundred ninety

In this reading “On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.”

younger officers adjective + noun counted as “younger officer”

In this reading “When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.”

argue with verb + particle

In this reading “During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.”

whole night adjective + noun

In this reading “During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.”

lie in verb + particle

originate (in)

In this reading ““The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.””

in a state preposition + article + noun counted as “in … state”

In this reading ““The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.””

lay in verb + particle

keep or lay aside for future use

In this reading “On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

14th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

ardornounUS /ˈɑːrdər/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.

argueverbUS /ˈɑːrɡjuː/

present reasons and arguments

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.

captainsnounUS /ˈkæptənz/

plural of “captain” — an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

capturingverbUS /ˈkæptʃərɪŋ/

-ing form of “capture” — succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

CommodorenounUS /ˈkɑːmədɔːr/

a commissioned naval officer who ranks above a captain and below a rear admiral; the lowest grade of admiral

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

confidedverbUS /kənˈfaɪdɪd/

past form of “confide” — reveal in private; tell confidentially

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

consentnounUS /kənˈsent/

permission to do something

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

contributionnounUS /ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃən/

the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

cuttersnounUS /ˈkʌtərz/

plural of “cutter” — someone who cuts or carves stone

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

EdinburghnounUS /ˈedənbəroʊ/

the capital of Scotland; located in the Lothian Region on the south side of the Firth of Forth

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

ForthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.

Frith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

indolencenoun

inactivity resulting from a dislike of work

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.

JonesnounUS /dʒoʊnz/

United States labor leader (born in Ireland) who helped to found the Industrial Workers of the World (1830-1930)

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

layingnounUS /ˈleɪɪŋ/

the production of eggs (especially in birds)

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

Leith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

lieverbUS /laɪ/

be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

PallasnounUS /ˈpæləs/

(Greek mythology) goddess of wisdom and useful arts and prudent warfare; guardian of Athens; identified with Roman Minerva

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

planverbUS /plæn/

have the will and intention to carry out some action

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

poundsnounUS /paʊndz/

plural of “pound” — 16 ounces avoirdupois

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

projectverbUS /ˈprɑːdʒekt/

communicate vividly

From this reading The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.

proveverbUS /pruːv/

be shown or be found to be

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

ruinnounUS /ˈruːən/

an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

securitynounUS /sɪˈkjʊrəti/

the state of being free from danger or injury

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

squadronnounUS /ˈskwɑːdrən/

a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

submittedverbUS /səbˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “submit” — refer for judgment or consideration

From this reading When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

VengeancenounUS /ˈvendʒəns/

the act of taking revenge (harming someone in retaliation for something harmful that they have done) especially in the next life

From this reading On the 14th of September Commodore Jones sent for the captains of the Pallas and Vengeance, and confided to them a plan he had for laying the city of Edinburgh under a contribution of two hundred thousand pounds, besides capturing an armed ship of twenty guns and three fine cutters that lay in Leith roads.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The French captains were not at first equal to this bold project.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading “The ships lie in a state of perfect indolence and security,” he said, “which will prove their ruin.”

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading During one whole night, while the squadron lay off the Frith of Forth, did Paul Jones argue with them, and at last their consent was won.

youngeradjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡər/

used of the younger of two persons of the same name especially used to distinguish a son from his father

From this reading When it was submitted to the younger officers, all received it with ardor.

Chapter 10 of Paul Jones by Molly Elliot Seawell holds 139 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Paul Jones contain?

Chapter 10 holds 139 sentences of Paul Jones, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Paul Jones by Molly Elliot Seawell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 139 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Paul Jones?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Paul Jones

Common questions about reading Paul Jones by Molly Elliot Seawell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Paul Jones?

Yes. All 2187 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61784 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Paul Jones is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #61784, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Paul Jones take to read?

About 182 minutes of reading across 438 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Paul Jones section by section

How to work through Paul Jones section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of Paul Jones to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Paul Jones

Words and structures a reader meets early in Paul Jones, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Paul Jones; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Paul Jones; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Jarvis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Paul Jones; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Midshipman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Paul Jones; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.