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Paul Ralston
Paul Ralston

Chapter XI · On the Road

Chapter XI of Paul Ralston, “On the Road,” is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.
Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.
Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.
Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.
These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Paul Ralston

Chapter XI · On the Road

Chapter XI of Paul Ralston, “On the Road,” is here in full — 88 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.
Line 2
Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.
Line 3
Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.
/ðen hiː tʊk ðə ˈveɪkənt siːt bɪˈsaɪd hɜːr ənd bɪˈɡæn tuː spiːk ʌv ðə ˈsiːnəri ənd tuː pɔɪnt aʊt ˌwʌˈtevər hiː θɔːt wʊd pliːz hɜːr/
Line 4
Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.
Line 5
These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

annoyance noun US /əˈnɔɪəns/

the psychological state of being irritated or annoyed

From this reading “These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.”

bravely adverb US /ˈbreɪvli/

in a courageous manner

From this reading “Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.”

Helena noun US /ˈhelənə/

capital of the state of Montana; located in western Montana

From this reading “Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.”

managing verb US /ˈmænədʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “manage” — be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading “These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.”

scenery noun US /ˈsiːnəri/

the painted structures of a stage set that are intended to suggest a particular locale

From this reading “Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.”

sobbed verb US /sɑːbd/

inflected form of “sob” — weep convulsively

From this reading “Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.”

sobbing noun US /ˈsɑːbɪŋ/

convulsive gasp made while weeping

From this reading “Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.”

vacant adjective US /ˈveɪkənt/

void of intelligence or thought

From this reading “Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

vacant seat adjective + noun

In this reading “Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.”

sobbed bitterly verb + particle counted as “sob bitterly”

In this reading “Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.”

became interested verb + adjective counted as “become interested”

In this reading “Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.”

any annoyance adjective + noun

In this reading “These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.”

upon the road preposition + article + noun counted as “upon … road”

In this reading “Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.”

in the country preposition + article + noun counted as “in … country”

In this reading “Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.”

speak of verb + particle

In this reading “Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.”

in the car preposition + article + noun counted as “in … car”

In this reading “Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

annoyancenounUS /əˈnɔɪəns/

the psychological state of being irritated or annoyed

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

Artie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

besideprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪd/

next to; at the side of

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

bitterlyadverbUS /ˈbɪtərli/

with bitterness; in a resentful manner

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

bravelyadverbUS /ˈbreɪvli/

in a courageous manner

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

calmverbUS /kɑːm/

make calm or still

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

carnounUS /kɑːr/

a motor vehicle with four wheels; usually propelled by an internal combustion engine

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

closelyadverbUS /ˈkloʊsli/

in a close relation or position in time or space

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

consequentlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnsəkwəntli/

(sentence connectors) because of the reason given

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

Elithe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

fadedadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪdəd/

having lost freshness or brilliance of color

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

growingnounUS /ˈɡroʊɪŋ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

handkerchiefnounUS /ˈhæŋkərtʃɪf/

a square piece of cloth used for wiping the eyes or nose or as a costume accessory

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

HelenanounUS /ˈhelənə/

capital of the state of Montana; located in western Montana

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

interestedadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪd/

having or showing interest; especially curiosity or fascination or concern

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

lastedverbUS /ˈlæstəd/

past form of “last” — persist for a specified period of time

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

managingverbUS /ˈmænədʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “manage” — be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

novelnounUS /ˈnɑːvəl/

an extended fictional work in prose; usually in the form of a story

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

Pennington

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

pleaseverbUS /pliːz/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

safeadjectiveUS /seɪf/

free from danger or the risk of harm

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

scenerynounUS /ˈsiːnəri/

the painted structures of a stage set that are intended to suggest a particular locale

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

sobbedverbUS /sɑːbd/

inflected form of “sob” — weep convulsively

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

sobbingnounUS /ˈsɑːbɪŋ/

convulsive gasp made while weeping

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

stickverbUS /stɪk/

put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

studyingnounUS /ˈstʌdiɪŋ/

reading carefully with intent to remember

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

tiedadjectiveUS /taɪd/

bound or secured closely

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

tryingadjectiveUS /ˈtraɪɪŋ/

hard to endure

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

vacantadjectiveUS /ˈveɪkənt/

void of intelligence or thought

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

wavingnounUS /ˈweɪvɪŋ/

the act of signaling by a movement of the hand

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Elithe had never been in Helena since she was a child, consequently everything upon the road was novel, and she soon became interested in the country through which she was passing and the people in the car.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Mr. Pennington, who sat behind her, paid no attention to her until the sound of her sobbing ceased, and he knew she was growing calm.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading Elithe had kept up bravely while the necessity lasted, but when her mother faded from her sight and she could no longer see the handkerchief Artie had tied to a stick and was waving after her, she turned her face to the window and sobbed bitterly.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading These Mr. Pennington was studying closely, managing to learn how far they were going, and trying to single out some one with whom Elithe would be safe from any annoyance.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Then he took the vacant seat beside her and began to speak of the scenery and to point out whatever he thought would please her.

Chapter 11 of Paul Ralston by Mary Jane Holmes holds 88 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Paul Ralston contain?

Chapter 11 holds 88 sentences of Paul Ralston, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Paul Ralston by Mary Jane Holmes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 88 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Paul Ralston?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Paul Ralston

Common questions about reading Paul Ralston by Mary Jane Holmes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Paul Ralston?

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Which edition of Paul Ralston is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Paul Ralston take to read?

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Paul Ralston

Words and structures a reader meets early in Paul Ralston, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Paul Ralston, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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