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Paul Rundel: A Novel
Paul Rundel: A Novel

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Paul Rundel: A Novel is here in full — 345 sentences across 69 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Paul Rundel: A Novel
Context Illustration Reading 1/69 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
|THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.
The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.
In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.
The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.
At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Paul Rundel: A Novel

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Paul Rundel: A Novel is here in full — 345 sentences across 69 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/69 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
|THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.
/ðæt ˌæftərˈnuːn æt dʌsk pɔːl droʊv daʊn ðə ˈmaʊntən wɪð hɪz læst loʊd ʌv bɑːrk fɔːr ðə deɪ/
Line 2
The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.
Line 3
In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.
/ɪn ˈpleɪsəz dəˈkeɪd triːz hæd ˈfɑːlən əˈkrɔːs ðə weɪ ənd ðiːz ðə jʌŋ ˈwæɡənər səmˈtaɪmz hæd tuː kʌt əˈpɑːrt ənd roʊl əˈsaɪd/
Line 4
The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.
Line 5
At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.
/æt taɪmz hiː stroʊd əˈlɔːŋ baɪ ðə ˈhɔːrsəz ˈhoʊldɪŋ ðə reɪnz bɪˈtwiːn hɪz tiːθ ðæt hɪz hændz maɪt biː friː tuː ˈkɑːmbæt ðə vaɪnz ənd ˈbʊʃəz θruː wɪtʃ hiː plʌndʒd æz ˈblaɪndli æz æn ˈænəməl tʃeɪst baɪ ə ˈhʌntər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

boulders noun US /ˈboʊldərz/

plural of “boulder” — a large smooth mass of rock detached from its place of origin

From this reading “The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.”

decayed adjective US /dəˈkeɪd/

damaged by decay; hence unsound and useless

From this reading “In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.”

gullies noun US /ˈɡʌliz/

plural of “gully” — deep ditch cut by running water (especially after a prolonged downpour)

From this reading “The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.”

obstructed adjective US /əbˈstrʌktɪd/

shut off to passage or view or hindered from action

From this reading “The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.”

readjust verb US /ˌriːəˈdʒʌst/

adjust anew

From this reading “The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.”

tightening noun US /ˈtaɪtənɪŋ/

the act of making something tighter

From this reading “The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.”

wagoner noun US /ˈwæɡənər/

the driver of a wagon

From this reading “In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.”

washouts noun US /ˈwɑːʃaʊts/

plural of “washout” — the channel or break produced by erosion of relatively soft soil by water

From this reading “The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

turns around verb + particle counted as “turn around”

turning in an opposite direction or position

In this reading “The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.”

At times preposition + noun

sporadically and infrequently

In this reading “At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.”

at dusk preposition + noun

In this reading “|THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

abruptadjectiveUS /əˈbrʌpt/

marked by sudden changes in subject and sharp transitions

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

apartadverbUS /əˈpɑːrt/

separated or at a distance in place or position or time

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

asideadverbUS /əˈsaɪd/

on or to one side

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

avalanchine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

barknounUS /bɑːrk/

tough protective covering of the woody stems and roots of trees and other woody plants

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

blindlyadverbUS /ˈblaɪndli/

without seeing or looking

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

bouldersnounUS /ˈboʊldərz/

plural of “boulder” — a large smooth mass of rock detached from its place of origin

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

bushesnounUS /ˈbʊʃəz/

plural of “bush” — a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

chasednounUS /tʃeɪst/

a person who is being chased

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

cliffsnounUS /klɪfs/

plural of “cliff” — a steep high face of rock

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

combatnounUS /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

decayedadjectiveUS /dəˈkeɪd/

damaged by decay; hence unsound and useless

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

declivities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

dismountverb

alight from (a horse)

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

dusknounUS /dʌsk/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

fallenadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlən/

having dropped by the force of gravity

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

groaningverbUS /ˈɡroʊnɪŋ/

-ing form of “groan” — indicate pain, discomfort, or displeasure

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

gulliesnounUS /ˈɡʌliz/

plural of “gully” — deep ditch cut by running water (especially after a prolonged downpour)

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

haynounUS /heɪ/

grass mowed and cured for use as fodder

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

heapnounUS /hiːp/

a collection of objects laid on top of each other

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

holdingnounUS /ˈhoʊldɪŋ/

the act of retaining something

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

hunternounUS /ˈhʌntər/

someone who hunts game

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

little-used

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

loadnounUS /loʊd/

weight to be borne or conveyed

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

obstructedadjectiveUS /əbˈstrʌktɪd/

shut off to passage or view or hindered from action

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

plungedverbUS /plʌndʒd/

past form of “plunge” — thrust or throw into

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

readjustverbUS /ˌriːəˈdʒʌst/

adjust anew

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

reinsnounUS /reɪnz/

plural of “rein” — one of a pair of long straps (usually connected to the bit or the headpiece) used to control a horse

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

rollverbUS /roʊl/

move by turning over or rotating

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

ropesnounUS /roʊps/

plural of “rope” — a strong line

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

scotchnounUS /skɑːtʃ/

a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

sharpadjectiveUS /ʃɑːrp/

(of something seen or heard) clearly defined

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

stonesnounUS /stoʊnz/

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

strodeverbUS /stroʊd/

inflected form of “stride” — walk with long steps

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

swayedverbUS /sweɪd/

past form of “sway” — move back and forth or sideways

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

THATconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

tighteningnounUS /ˈtaɪtənɪŋ/

the act of making something tighter

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

timesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

top-heavyadjective

unstable by being overloaded at the top

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

toweringadjectiveUS /ˈtaʊərɪŋ/

of imposing height; especially standing out above others

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

turnsnounUS /tɜːrnz/

plural of “turn” — a circular segment of a curve

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

vehiclenounUS /ˈviːhɪkəl/

a conveyance that transports people or objects

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

vinesnounUS /vaɪnz/

plural of “vine” — a plant with a weak stem that derives support from climbing, twining, or creeping along a surface

From this reading At times he strode along by the horses, holding the reins between his teeth, that his hands might be free to combat the vines and bushes through which he plunged as blindly as an animal chased by a hunter.

wagonernounUS /ˈwæɡənər/

the driver of a wagon

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

washoutsnounUS /ˈwɑːʃaʊts/

plural of “washout” — the channel or break produced by erosion of relatively soft soil by water

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

wheelsnounUS /wiːlz/

plural of “wheel” — a simple machine consisting of a circular frame with spokes (or a solid disc) that can rotate on a shaft or axle (as in vehicles or other machines)

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The high heap of bark on the groaning vehicle swayed like a top-heavy load of hay, and more than once Paul had to dismount from the lead horse he rode, scotch the wheels with stones, and readjust the bark, tightening the ropes which held the mass together.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading |THAT afternoon at dusk Paul drove down the mountain with his last load of bark for the day.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading The little-used road was full of sharp turns around towering cliffs and abrupt declivities, worn into gullies by washouts, and obstructed by avalanchine boulders.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading In places decayed trees had fallen across the way, and these the young wagoner sometimes had to cut apart and roll aside.

Chapter 3 of Paul Rundel: A Novel by Will N. (Will Nathaniel) Harben holds 345 sentences, grouped into 69 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Paul Rundel: A Novel contain?

Chapter 3 holds 345 sentences of Paul Rundel: A Novel, unabridged, divided into 69 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Paul Rundel: A Novel by Will N. (Will Nathaniel) Harben exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 345 sentences, grouped into 69 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Paul Rundel: A Novel?

Work through the 69 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 69 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Paul Rundel: A Novel

Common questions about reading Paul Rundel: A Novel by Will N. (Will Nathaniel) Harben on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Paul Rundel: A Novel?

Yes. All 7321 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50898 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Paul Rundel: A Novel is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50898, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Paul Rundel: A Novel take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1465 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Paul Rundel: A Novel section by section

How to work through Paul Rundel: A Novel section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Paul Rundel: A Novel

Words and structures a reader meets early in Paul Rundel: A Novel, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Window
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Paul Rundel: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Husband's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Paul Rundel: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mountain-village
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Paul Rundel: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grayson
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Paul Rundel: A Novel; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.