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Pausanias, the Spartan
Pausanias, the Spartan

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Pausanias, the Spartan is here in full — 155 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
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Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.
He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.
He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.
"Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."
"Would that be wise on our part?" said Aristides.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Pausanias, the Spartan

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Pausanias, the Spartan is here in full — 155 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.
Line 2
He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.
/hiː rɪˈlækst ðə ˈhɔːti dɪˈmiːnər wɪtʃ hæd ˈɡɪvən soʊ mʌtʃ dɪˈspleʒər əˈdɑːptɪŋ ə toʊn ʌv mɑːrkt ˈkɜːrtəsi/
Line 3
He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.
Line 4
"Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."
/ˈpɪti ˈoʊnli sed hiː ˈsmaɪlɪŋ ðæt wiː hæv noʊ ˈpɜːrʒənz ɑːn ðə ˈoʊʃən naʊ ənd ðæt ˌɪnˈsted ʌv ðer ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ ʌs wiː mʌst ɡoʊ ɪn sɜːrtʃ ʌv ðem/
Line 5
"Would that be wise on our part?" said Aristides.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adopting verb US /əˈdɑːptɪŋ/

-ing form of “adopt” — choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans

From this reading “He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.”

Athenian noun US /əˈθiːniən/

a resident of Athens

From this reading “Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.”

crews noun US /kruːz/

plural of “crew” — the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading “He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.”

demeanour noun US /dɪˈmiːnər/

(behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people

From this reading “He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.”

equipment noun US /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/

an instrumentality needed for an undertaking or to perform a service

From this reading “He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.”

merited adjective US /ˈmerɪtɪd/

properly deserved

From this reading “He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.”

Persians noun US /ˈpɜːrʒənz/

plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading “"Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."”

Spartan adjective US /ˈspɑːrtən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Sparta or its people

From this reading “Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

admirableadjectiveUS /ˈædmərəbəl/

deserving of the highest esteem or admiration

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

admiralnounUS /ˈædmərəl/

the supreme commander of a fleet; ranks above a vice admiral and below a fleet admiral

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

adoptingverbUS /əˈdɑːptɪŋ/

-ing form of “adopt” — choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

Aristides

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Would that be wise on our part?" said Aristides.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

assignedadjectiveUS /əˈsaɪnd/

appointed to a post or duty

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

AtheniannounUS /əˈθiːniən/

a resident of Athens

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "Would that be wise on our part?" said Aristides.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

boardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

buildverbUS /bɪld/

make by combining materials and parts

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

chiefsnounUS /tʃiːfs/

plural of “chief” — a person who is in charge

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

companionsnounUS /kəmˈpænjənz/

plural of “companion” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

courtesynounUS /ˈkɜːrtəsi/

a courteous or respectful or considerate act

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

crewsnounUS /kruːz/

plural of “crew” — the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

demeanournounUS /dɪˈmiːnər/

(behavioral attributes) the way a person behaves toward other people

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

displeasurenounUS /dɪˈspleʒər/

the feeling of being displeased or annoyed or dissatisfied with someone or something

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

equipmentnounUS /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/

an instrumentality needed for an undertaking or to perform a service

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

haughtyadjectiveUS /ˈhɔːti/

having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

markedadjectiveUS /mɑːrkt/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

mentionedverbUS /ˈmenʃənd/

past form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

meritedadjectiveUS /ˈmerɪtɪd/

properly deserved

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

oceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "Would that be wise on our part?" said Aristides.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading "Would that be wise on our part?" said Aristides.

Pausanias

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

PersiansnounUS /ˈpɜːrʒənz/

plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

PitynounUS /ˈpɪti/

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

praisenounUS /preɪz/

an expression of approval and commendation

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

relaxedadjectiveUS /rɪˈlækst/

without strain or anxiety

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

seaman-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

searchverbUS /sɜːrtʃ/

try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

smilingnounUS /ˈsmaɪlɪŋ/

a facial expression characterized by turning up the corners of the mouth; usually shows pleasure or amusement

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

SpartanadjectiveUS /ˈspɑːrtən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Sparta or its people

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

tonenounUS /toʊn/

the quality of a person's voice

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

vesselsnounUS /ˈvesəlz/

plural of “vessel” — a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

visitingnounUS /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

the activity of making visits

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

warlikeadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːrlaɪk/

disposed to warfare or hard-line policies

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "Pity only," said he, smiling, "that we have no Persians on the ocean now, and that instead of their visiting us we must go in search of them."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He relaxed the haughty demeanour which had given so much displeasure, adopting a tone of marked courtesy.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Pausanias came on board the vessel of the Athenian admiral, attended by the five Spartan chiefs who have been mentioned before as the warlike companions assigned to him.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading "Would that be wise on our part?" said Aristides.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He spoke with high and merited praise of the seaman-like appearance of the Athenian crews, and the admirable build and equipment of their vessels.

Wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "Would that be wise on our part?" said Aristides.

Chapter 19 of Pausanias, the Spartan by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 155 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Pausanias, the Spartan contain?

Chapter 19 holds 155 sentences of Pausanias, the Spartan, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Pausanias, the Spartan by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 155 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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