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Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition
Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition is here in full — 283 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition
Context Illustration Reading 1/56 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE LAWYER AND THE LADY.
“The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.
Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.
He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.
His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition is here in full — 283 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/56 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE LAWYER AND THE LADY.
/ðə ˈlɔːjər ənd ðə ˈleɪdi/
Line 2
“The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.
Line 3
Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.
Line 4
He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.
/hiː dɪd nɑːt bɪˈliːv ɪn ðə vaɪˈtæləti ənd ˈæbsəluːtnəs ʌv raɪt ənd ˈɡʊdnəs/
Line 5
His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.
/hɪz laɪf ˈmæksəm wɑːz waɪl ˈboʊɪŋ ənd ˈsmɜːrkɪŋ tuː ɔːl ðə wɜːrld tuː hoʊld ɔːl ðə wɜːrld æz tʃiːts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

absoluteness noun US /ˈæbsəluːtnəs/

the quality of being complete or utter or extreme

From this reading “He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.”

apprehensions noun US /ˌæprɪˈhenʃənz/

plural of “apprehension” — fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading ““The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.”

cheats noun US /tʃiːts/

plural of “cheat” — weedy annual grass often occurs in grainfields and other cultivated land; seeds sometimes considered poisonous

From this reading “His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.”

imaginary adjective US /ˌɪˈmædʒəneri/

not based on fact; existing only in the imagination

From this reading ““The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.”

maxim noun US /ˈmæksəm/

a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading “His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.”

Proverb noun US /ˈprɑːvərb/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading ““The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.”

smirking verb US /ˈsmɜːrkɪŋ/

-ing form of “smirk” — smile affectedly or derisively

From this reading “His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.”

vitality noun US /vaɪˈtæləti/

an energetic style

From this reading “He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Old Proverb adjective + noun

In this reading ““The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.”

in politics preposition + noun

In this reading “Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.”

in regard preposition + noun

In this reading ““The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.”

All words in this reading · 46

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

absolutenessnounUS /ˈæbsəluːtnəs/

the quality of being complete or utter or extreme

From this reading He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.

agentnounUS /ˈeɪdʒənt/

an active and efficient cause; capable of producing a certain effect

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE LAWYER AND THE LADY.

apprehensionsnounUS /ˌæprɪˈhenʃənz/

plural of “apprehension” — fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

assnounUS /æs/

the fleshy part of the human body that you sit on

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.

bowingnounUS /ˈboʊɪŋ/

bending the head or body or knee as a sign of reverence or submission or shame or greeting

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

cheatsnounUS /tʃiːts/

plural of “cheat” — weedy annual grass often occurs in grainfields and other cultivated land; seeds sometimes considered poisonous

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

DevilnounUS /ˈdevəl/

(Judeo-Christian and Islamic religions) chief spirit of evil and adversary of God; tempter of mankind; master of Hell

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.

goodnessnounUS /ˈɡʊdnəs/

that which is pleasing or valuable or useful

From this reading He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

imaginaryadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmædʒəneri/

not based on fact; existing only in the imagination

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

LADYnounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading THE LAWYER AND THE LADY.

LAWYERnounUS /ˈlɔːjər/

a professional person authorized to practice law; conducts lawsuits or gives legal advice

From this reading THE LAWYER AND THE LADY.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

maximnounUS /ˈmæksəm/

a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

Peek's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

policynounUS /ˈpɑːləsi/

a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

From this reading Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.

politicsnounUS /ˈpɑːlətɪks/

social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power

From this reading Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.

ProverbnounUS /ˈprɑːvərb/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

Ratcliff's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.

Semmes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

Slidell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.

smirkingverbUS /ˈsmɜːrkɪŋ/

-ing form of “smirk” — smile affectedly or derisively

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE LAWYER AND THE LADY.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

vitalitynounUS /vaɪˈtæləti/

an energetic style

From this reading He did not believe in the vitality and absoluteness of right and goodness.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Semmes was of the school in politics and policy of old Mr. Slidell.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “The Devil is an ass.”—_Old Proverb._ Peek’s apprehensions in regard to Ratcliff’s agent, Semmes, were not imaginary.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading His life maxim was, while bowing and smirking to all the world, to hold all the world as cheats.

Chapter 31 of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition by Epes Sargent holds 283 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition contain?

Chapter 31 holds 283 sentences of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition by Epes Sargent exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 283 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition

Common questions about reading Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition by Epes Sargent on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition?

Yes. All 12265 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #67872 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #67872, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2453 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition section by section

How to work through Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition

Words and structures a reader meets early in Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Peculiar: A Tale of the Great Transition; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.