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Pencil Sketches
Pencil Sketches

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Pencil Sketches is here in full — 399 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Pencil Sketches
Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.
"Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.
Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.
Tell me what I shall order for you.
However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Pencil Sketches

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Pencil Sketches is here in full — 399 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.
Line 2
"Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.
Line 3
Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.
/dʒʌst traɪ tuː biː kɑːm fɔːr ə fjuː ˈmɪnəts tɪl wiː hæv ˈsetəld ðɪs ˈbɪznəs/
Line 4
Tell me what I shall order for you.
/tel miː wʌt aɪ ʃæl ˈɔːrdər fɔːr juː/
Line 5
However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

compose verb US /kəmˈpoʊz/

form the substance of

From this reading “"Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.”

Constance noun US /ˈkɑːnstəns/

a lake in southeastern Germany on the northern side of the Swiss Alps; forms part of the Rhine River

From this reading “At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.”

distressed adjective US /dɪˈstrest/

facing or experiencing financial trouble or difficulty

From this reading “At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.”

funeral noun US /ˈfjuːnərəl/

a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated

From this reading “At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.”

gushed verb US /ɡʌʃt/

past form of “gush” — gush forth in a sudden stream or jet

From this reading “At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.”

mourning noun US /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading “At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.”

occasions noun US /əˈkeɪʒənz/

something you have to do

From this reading “However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.”

yourselves pronoun US /jʊrˈselvz/

used when the people spoken to are both doing and receiving the action

From this reading “"Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

few minutes adjective + noun

In this reading “Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.”

make an effort verb + article + noun counted as “make … effort”

In this reading “"Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

Allerton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

Bladen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

bombazinenoun

a twilled fabric used for dresses; the warp is silk and the weft is worsted

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

calmverbUS /kɑːm/

make calm or still

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

ComeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

composeverbUS /kəmˈpoʊz/

form the substance of

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

ConstancenounUS /ˈkɑːnstəns/

a lake in southeastern Germany on the northern side of the Swiss Alps; forms part of the Rhine River

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

crapenoun

small very thin pancake

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

creaturesnounUS /ˈkriːtʃərz/

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

distressedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrest/

facing or experiencing financial trouble or difficulty

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

funeralnounUS /ˈfjuːnərəl/

a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

gushedverbUS /ɡʌʃt/

past form of “gush” — gush forth in a sudden stream or jet

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

HoweveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Tell me what I shall order for you.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

JustadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Tell me what I shall order for you.

minutesnounUS /ˈmɪnəts/

a written account of what transpired at a meeting

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

mourningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

occasionsnounUS /əˈkeɪʒənz/

something you have to do

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading Tell me what I shall order for you.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

replynounUS /rɪˈplaɪ/

a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

settledadjectiveUS /ˈsetəld/

established or decided beyond dispute or doubt

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Tell me what I shall order for you.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

TellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading Tell me what I shall order for you.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading However, there is but one rule on these occasions--crape and bombazine, and everything of the best.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

tryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Just try to be calm for a few minutes, till we have settled this business.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Tell me what I shall order for you.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading At the words "funeral" and "mourning," tears gushed again from the eyes of the distressed family; and neither Mrs. Allerton nor Constance could command themselves sufficiently to reply.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

yourselvespronounUS /jʊrˈselvz/

used when the people spoken to are both doing and receiving the action

From this reading "Come, my dear creatures," continued Mrs. Bladen, "you must really make an effort to compose yourselves.

Chapter 17 of Pencil Sketches by Eliza Leslie holds 399 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Pencil Sketches contain?

Chapter 17 holds 399 sentences of Pencil Sketches, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Pencil Sketches by Eliza Leslie exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 399 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Pencil Sketches?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Pencil Sketches

Common questions about reading Pencil Sketches by Eliza Leslie on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Pencil Sketches?

Yes. All 6729 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37573 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Pencil Sketches is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37573, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Pencil Sketches take to read?

About 560 minutes of reading across 1346 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Pencil Sketches section by section

How to work through Pencil Sketches section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Pencil Sketches to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Pencil Sketches

Words and structures a reader meets early in Pencil Sketches, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Outlines
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pencil Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Character
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pencil Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Manners
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pencil Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Leslie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pencil Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.