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Penelope's English Experiences
Penelope's English Experiences

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Penelope's English Experiences is here in full — 20 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/4 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.
This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.
Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.
Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.
I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Penelope's English Experiences

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Penelope's English Experiences is here in full — 20 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/4 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.
Line 2
This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.
/ðɪs ˈviːhɪkəl ɪz ə ˈreɡjələr bæθ tʃer ˈɪntuː wɪtʃ ðə ˈdɑːŋki ɪz ˈhɑːrnəst/
Line 3
Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.
/sʌm ʌv ðem hæv ə ˈtaɪni ˈdraɪvərz siːt wer ə smɔːl læd sɪts ˈbiːtɪŋ ənd bɪˈreɪtɪŋ ðə ˈdɑːŋki fɔːr ðə ˌɪnˈkʌmbənt ˈdʒenərəli ə dəˈkrepɪt ˈdaʊədʒər frʌm ˈlʌndən/
Line 4
Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.
Line 5
I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

berating noun US /bɪˈreɪtɪŋ/

a severe rebuke

From this reading “Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.”

decrepit adjective US /dəˈkrepɪt/

worn and broken down by hard use

From this reading “Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.”

driver's noun US /ˈdraɪvərz/

possessive form of “driver” — the operator of a motor vehicle

From this reading “Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.”

fetches noun US /ˈfetʃɪz/

plural of “fetch” — the action of fetching

From this reading “I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.”

incumbent adjective US /ˌɪnˈkʌmbənt/

lying or leaning on something else

From this reading “Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.”

minus adjective US /ˈmaɪnəs/

on the negative side or lower end of a scale

From this reading “Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.”

nooks noun US /nʊks/

plural of “nook” — a sheltered and secluded place

From this reading “There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.”

thriftier adjective US /ˈθrɪftiər/

comparative of “thrifty” — careful and diligent in the use of resources

From this reading “There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.”

All words in this reading · 114

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

absurdadjectiveUS /əbˈsɜːrd/

inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

BathnounUS /bæθ/

a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

beatingnounUS /ˈbiːtɪŋ/

the act of overcoming or outdoing

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

beratingnounUS /bɪˈreɪtɪŋ/

a severe rebuke

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

blowingnounUS /ˈbloʊɪŋ/

processing that involves blowing a gas

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

breezenounUS /briːz/

a slight wind (usually refreshing)

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

casualadjectiveUS /ˈkæʒəwəl/

marked by blithe unconcern

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

chairsnounUS /tʃerz/

plural of “chair” — a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

chargesnounUS /ˈtʃɑːrdʒəz/

plural of “charge” — an impetuous rush toward someone or something

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

chariotnounUS /ˈtʃeriət/

a light four-wheel horse-drawn ceremonial carriage

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

cheersnounUS /tʃɪrz/

plural of “cheer” — a cry or shout of approval

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

coachman's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

decrepitadjectiveUS /dəˈkrepɪt/

worn and broken down by hard use

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

donkeynounUS /ˈdɑːŋki/

the symbol of the Democratic Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

donkey-chairs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

donkeysnounUS /ˈdɑːŋkiz/

plural of “donkey” — the symbol of the Democratic Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

dowagernounUS /ˈdaʊədʒər/

a widow holding property received from her deceased husband

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

driver'snounUS /ˈdraɪvərz/

possessive form of “driver” — the operator of a motor vehicle

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

drivesnounUS /draɪvz/

plural of “drive” — the act of applying force to propel something

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

dwellsverbUS /dwelz/

third-person singular of “dwell” — think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

fetchesnounUS /ˈfetʃɪz/

plural of “fetch” — the action of fetching

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

fourpencenoun

a former English silver coin worth four pennies

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

Gorsenoun

very spiny and dense evergreen shrub with fragrant golden-yellow flowers; common throughout western Europe

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

harnessedadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrnəst/

brought under control and put to use

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

HillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

hireverbUS /ˈhaɪər/

engage or hire for work

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

incumbentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkʌmbənt/

lying or leaning on something else

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

ladnounUS /læd/

a boy or man

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

miniaturenounUS /ˈmɪniətʃʊr/

painting or drawing included in a book (especially in illuminated medieval manuscripts)

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

minusadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnəs/

on the negative side or lower end of a scale

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

nooksnounUS /nʊks/

plural of “nook” — a sheltered and secluded place

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

occurverbUS /əˈkɜːr/

come to pass

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

OtheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

ownedadjectiveUS /oʊnd/

having an owner; often used in combination

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

perchnounUS /pɜːrtʃ/

support consisting of a branch or rod that serves as a resting place (especially for a bird)

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

sitsverbUS /sɪts/

third-person singular of “sit” — be seated

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Other chairs are minus this absurd coachman's perch, and in this sort I take my daily drives.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

thriftieradjectiveUS /ˈθrɪftiər/

comparative of “thrifty” — careful and diligent in the use of resources

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

tinyadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪni/

very small

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

unusualadjectiveUS /əˈnjuːʒuːəl/

not usual or common or ordinary

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

vehiclenounUS /ˈviːhɪkəl/

a conveyance that transports people or objects

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

visitornounUS /ˈvɪzɪtər/

someone who visits

From this reading There are many donkeys owned in these nooks among the hills, and some of the thriftier families keep donkey-chairs (or 'cheers,' as they call them) to let to the casual summer visitor.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Some of them have a tiny driver's seat, where a small lad sits beating and berating the donkey for the incumbent, generally a decrepit dowager from London.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This vehicle is a regular Bath chair, into which the donkey is harnessed.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading I hire the miniature chariot from an old woman who dwells at the top of Gorse Hill, and who charges one and fourpence the hour, It is a little more when she fetches the donkey to the door, or when the weather is wet or the day is very warm, or there is an unusual breeze blowing, or I wish to go round the hills; but under ordinary circumstances, which may at any time occur, but which never do, one and four the hour.

Chapter 20 of Penelope's English Experiences by Kate Douglas Smith Wiggin holds 20 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Penelope's English Experiences contain?

Chapter 20 holds 20 sentences of Penelope's English Experiences, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Penelope's English Experiences by Kate Douglas Smith Wiggin exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 20 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Penelope's English Experiences?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Penelope's English Experiences

Common questions about reading Penelope's English Experiences by Kate Douglas Smith Wiggin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Penelope's English Experiences?

Yes. All 1348 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1278 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Penelope's English Experiences is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1278, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Penelope's English Experiences take to read?

About 112 minutes of reading across 270 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Penelope's English Experiences section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Penelope's English Experiences

Words and structures a reader meets early in Penelope's English Experiences, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dovermarle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Penelope's English Experiences; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Street
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Penelope's English Experiences; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Penelope's English Experiences; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Again
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Penelope's English Experiences; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.