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Perfect Behavior
Perfect Behavior

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Perfect Behavior is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
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This discovery hadand still hasa remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.
Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.
With the Haig brothers discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the bachelor dinner.”
Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first bachelor dinner came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.
From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Perfect Behavior

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Perfect Behavior is here in full — 136 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This discovery hadand still hasa remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.
Line 2
Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.
/ˈɡrædʒuːəli ðer ɡruː ʌp ərˈaʊnd ðə ˈwedɪŋ ə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ˈkʌstəmz/
Line 3
With the Haig brothersdiscovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of thebachelor dinner.”
Line 4
Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the firstbachelor dinnercame the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.
/nəˈsesəti ɪz ðə ˈmʌðər ʌv ˌɪnˈvenʃən ənd ɪɡˈzæktli twelv jɪrz ˈæftər ðə fɜːrst ˈbætʃələr ˈdɪnər keɪm ðə dɪˈskʌvəri ʌv baɪˈkɑːrbənət ʌv ˈsoʊdə/
Line 5
From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.
/frʌm ðæt taɪm daʊn tuː ðə ˈprezənt deɪ ðə ˈhɪstəri ʌv ðə ˈetəkət ʌv ˈwedɪŋz hæz bɪn ðæt ʌv æn ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ ˈnʌmbər ʌv ˈɪntrəkət fɔːrmz ənd ˈserəmoʊniz iːtʃ eɪdʒ ˈhævɪŋ ˈædəd ɪts pərˈtɪkjələr bɪt ʌv ˈrɪtʃuːəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bicarbonate noun US /baɪˈkɑːrbənət/

a salt of carbonic acid (containing the anion HCO3) in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced; an acid carbonate

From this reading ““Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.”

celebration noun US /ˌseləˈbreɪʃən/

a joyful occasion for special festivities to mark some happy event

From this reading “This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.”

etiquette noun US /ˈetəkət/

rules governing socially acceptable behavior

From this reading “From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.”

intricate adjective US /ˈɪntrəkət/

having many complexly arranged elements; elaborate

From this reading “From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.”

rite noun US /raɪt/

an established ceremony prescribed by a religion

From this reading “This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.”

ritual noun US /ˈrɪtʃuːəl/

any customary observance or practice

From this reading “From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.”

soda noun US /ˈsoʊdə/

a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper

From this reading ““Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.”

weddings noun US /ˈwedɪŋz/

plural of “wedding” — the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading “From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

bachelornounUS /ˈbætʃələr/

a man who has never been married

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

bicarbonatenounUS /baɪˈkɑːrbənət/

a salt of carbonic acid (containing the anion HCO3) in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced; an acid carbonate

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

bitnounUS /bɪt/

a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

celebrationnounUS /ˌseləˈbreɪʃən/

a joyful occasion for special festivities to mark some happy event

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

ceremoniesnounUS /ˈserəmoʊniz/

plural of “ceremony” — a formal event performed on a special occasion

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

customsnounUS /ˈkʌstəmz/

money collected under a tariff

From this reading Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

dinnernounUS /ˈdɪnər/

the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

etiquettenounUS /ˈetəkət/

rules governing socially acceptable behavior

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

exactlyadverbUS /ɪɡˈzæktli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

formsnounUS /fɔːrmz/

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

GraduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

Haig

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

increasingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/

becoming greater or larger

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

institutionnounUS /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃən/

an organization founded and united for a specific purpose

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

intricateadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəkət/

having many complexly arranged elements; elaborate

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

inventionnounUS /ˌɪnˈvenʃən/

the creation of something in the mind

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

NecessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

ritenounUS /raɪt/

an established ceremony prescribed by a religion

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

ritualnounUS /ˈrɪtʃuːəl/

any customary observance or practice

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

ScotchnounUS /skɑːtʃ/

a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

sodanounUS /ˈsoʊdə/

a sodium salt of carbonic acid; used in making soap powders and glass and paper

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading This discovery had—and still has—a remarkable effect upon the celebration of the marriage rite.

weddingnounUS /ˈwedɪŋ/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading Gradually there grew up around the wedding a number of customs.

weddingsnounUS /ˈwedɪŋz/

plural of “wedding” — the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading From that time down to the present day the history of the etiquette of weddings has been that of an increasing number of intricate forms and ceremonies, each age having added its particular bit of ritual.

whiskeynounUS /ˈwɪski/

a liquor made from fermented mash of grain

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With the Haig brothers’ discovery of Scotch whiskey began, as a matter of course, the institution of the “bachelor dinner.”

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading “Necessity is the mother of invention,” and exactly twelve years after the first “bachelor dinner” came the discovery of bicarbonate of soda.

Chapter 3 of Perfect Behavior by Donald Ogden Stewart holds 136 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Perfect Behavior contain?

Chapter 3 holds 136 sentences of Perfect Behavior, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Perfect Behavior by Donald Ogden Stewart exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 136 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Perfect Behavior?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Perfect Behavior

Common questions about reading Perfect Behavior by Donald Ogden Stewart on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Perfect Behavior?

Yes. All 1620 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1446 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Perfect Behavior is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1446, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Perfect Behavior take to read?

About 135 minutes of reading across 324 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Perfect Behavior section by section

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  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Perfect Behavior to begin.

  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Perfect Behavior

Words and structures a reader meets early in Perfect Behavior, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Guide
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Perfect Behavior; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ladies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Perfect Behavior; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gentlemen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Perfect Behavior; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Social
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Perfect Behavior; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.