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Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213
Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
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IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.
Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.
When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.
But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.
The court itself was comparatively deserted.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.
Line 2
Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.
/ʌv ðɪs mæɡˈnɪfəsənt ˈstrʌktʃər ˈnʌθɪŋ rɪˈmeɪnz æt ˈprezənt seɪv sʌm skræps ʌv ðə friːz ɪn ðə mjuːˈziːəm/
Line 3
When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.
Line 4
But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.
Line 5
The court itself was comparatively deserted.
/ðə kɔːrt ˌɪtˈself wɑːz kəmˈperətɪvli dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

basilica noun US /bəˈsɪlɪkə/

an early Christian church designed like a Roman basilica; or a Roman Catholic church or cathedral accorded certain privileges

From this reading “IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.”

colleagues noun US /ˈkɑːliɡz/

plural of “colleague” — an associate that one works with

From this reading “When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.”

forum noun US /ˈfɔːrəm/

a public meeting or assembly for open discussion

From this reading “When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.”

frieze noun US /friːz/

an architectural ornament consisting of a horizontal sculptured band between the architrave and the cornice

From this reading “Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.”

Hadrian noun US /ˈhædriən/

Roman Emperor who was the adoptive son of Trajan; travelled throughout his empire to strengthen its frontiers and encourage learning and architecture; on a visit to Britain in 122 he ordered the construction of Hadrian's Wall (76-138)

From this reading “IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.”

lashing noun US /ˈlæʃɪŋ/

beating with a whip or strap or rope as a form of punishment

From this reading “But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.”

maneuvers noun US /məˈnuːvərz/

plural of “maneuver” — a military training exercise

From this reading “IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.”

tribune noun US /ˈtrɪbjuːn/

(ancient Rome) an official elected by the plebeians to protect their interests

From this reading “When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

howling wind noun + noun

In this reading “But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.”

open air verb + noun

where the air is unconfined

In this reading “When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.”

weather permitted noun + noun counted as “weather permit”

In this reading “When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.”

some scraps adjective + noun

In this reading “Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.”

on duty preposition + noun

In this reading “IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

Atacinus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

BASILICAnounUS /bəˈsɪlɪkə/

an early Christian church designed like a Roman basilica; or a Roman Catholic church or cathedral accorded certain privileges

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

colleaguesnounUS /ˈkɑːliɡz/

plural of “colleague” — an associate that one works with

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

comparativelyadverbUS /kəmˈperətɪvli/

in a relative manner; by comparison to something else

From this reading The court itself was comparatively deserted.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

Cæsars

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.

desertedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading The court itself was comparatively deserted.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

elevationnounUS /ˌeləˈveɪʃən/

the event of something being raised upward

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

erectedverbUS /ɪˈrektəd/

past form of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

forumnounUS /ˈfɔːrəm/

a public meeting or assembly for open discussion

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

friezenounUS /friːz/

an architectural ornament consisting of a horizontal sculptured band between the architrave and the cornice

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

HadriannounUS /ˈhædriən/

Roman Emperor who was the adoptive son of Trajan; travelled throughout his empire to strengthen its frontiers and encourage learning and architecture; on a visit to Britain in 122 he ordered the construction of Hadrian's Wall (76-138)

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

hearverbUS /hiːr/

perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

honornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

howlingnounUS /ˈhaʊlɪŋ/

a long loud emotional utterance

From this reading But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

ingeniousadjectiveUS /ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs/

Clever, original, and remarkably inventive in design and execution.

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading The court itself was comparatively deserted.

justicenounUS /ˈdʒʌstəs/

the quality of being just or fair

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

lashingnounUS /ˈlæʃɪŋ/

beating with a whip or strap or rope as a form of punishment

From this reading But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.

likedadjectiveUS /laɪkt/

found pleasant or attractive; often used as a combining form

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

magnificentadjectiveUS /mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/

characterized by grandeur

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

maneuversnounUS /məˈnuːvərz/

plural of “maneuver” — a military training exercise

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

museumnounUS /mjuːˈziːəm/

a depository for collecting and displaying objects having scientific or historical or artistic value

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

owedverbUS /oʊd/

past form of “owe” — be obliged to pay or repay

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

permittedverbUS /pərˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “permit” — consent to, give permission

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

Petroniusnoun

Roman satirist (died in 66)

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

Plotinian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

Quatuorvir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

rainnounUS /reɪn/

water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

From this reading But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.

remainsnounUS /rɪˈmeɪnz/

any object that is left unused or still extant

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

scrapsnounUS /skræps/

food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

statelyadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtli/

impressive in appearance

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

structurenounUS /ˈstrʌktʃər/

a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the frieze in the museum.

thronenounUS /θroʊn/

the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc.

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

tribunenounUS /ˈtrɪbjuːn/

(ancient Rome) an official elected by the plebeians to protect their interests

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

unscrupulousadjectiveUS /ənˈskruːpjələs/

without scruples or principles

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading IN THE BASILICA The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading But this was impossible to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain.

Chapter 20 of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 by S. (Sabine) Baring-Gould holds 159 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 contain?

Chapter 20 holds 159 sentences of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 by S. (Sabine) Baring-Gould exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 159 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213

Common questions about reading Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 by S. (Sabine) Baring-Gould on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213?

Yes. All 3502 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47832 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47832, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 take to read?

About 291 minutes of reading across 701 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 section by section

How to work through Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213

Words and structures a reader meets early in Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Baring
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gould
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brilliant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Nemausus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.