Chapter XXII

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

quick or skillful or adept in action or thought

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

a sloping gallery with seats for spectators (as in an operating room or theater)

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

a particular environment or walk of life

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

plural of “beast” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

past form of “bequeath” — leave or give by will after one's death

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

(law) a gift of personal property by will

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

Roman Emperor who succeeded Tiberius and whose uncontrolled passions resulted in manifest insanity; noted for his cruelty and tyranny; was assassinated (12-41)

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

widely known and esteemed

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

past form of “convert” — change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The games were to last two days.

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

a feeling of extreme pleasure or satisfaction

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

spoiled or ruined or demolished

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

in or associated with the process of passing from life or ceasing to be

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

past form of “expend” — use up, consume fully

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

excessive or insincere praise

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

covered with water

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

plural of “gain” — a quantity that is added

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

plural of “game” — a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

known widely and usually unfavorably

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

one who reveals confidential information in return for money

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

immediately past

From this reading The games were to last two days.

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

march in a procession

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

the fifth of the seven canonical hours; about 3 p.m.

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

a separate part of a whole

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

Goods or treasure taken by force or theft, especially in war or banditry.

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

on the contrary

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

a person who delivers a speech or oration

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

destroyed physically or morally

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

a quantity of money

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

in or at that place or location

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

son-in-law of Augustus who became a suspicious tyrannical Emperor of Rome after a brilliant military career (42 BC to AD 37)

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The games were to last two days.

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading He had run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit flattery.

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

at the time that

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

which person or people

From this reading THE ARENA The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius.

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

belonging to which person

From this reading In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.

in the company of; together with

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading On the first there would be contests with beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and converted into a lake.