used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
from one side of something to the other
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
Aeginanoun
an island in the Aegean Sea in the Saronic Gulf
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/
later than; following
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
the feeling that accompanies something extremely surprising
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/
the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
AsianounUS /ˈeɪʒə/
the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
AthensnounUS /ˈæθənz/
the capital and largest city of Greece; named after Athena (its patron goddess)
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
(military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/
the past participle of “be”
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
citizensnounUS /ˈsɪtəzənz/
plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
the event of dying or departure from life
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
defeatnounUS /dɪˈfiːt/
an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
forsaken by owner or inhabitants
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
disheartenedadjectiveUS /dɪsˈhɑːrtənd/
made less hopeful or enthusiastic
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
come upon, as if by accident; meet with
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
about to be mentioned or specified
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
Haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/
the -ing form of “have”
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
Hellespontnoun
the strait between the Aegean and the Sea of Marmara that separates European Turkey from Asian Turkey
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
How
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
ten 10s
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
the act that results in something coming to be
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
Mardonius
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
the force of workers available
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
full of or showing high-spirited merriment
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
oftadverbUS /ɔːft/
many times at short intervals
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
PersiansnounUS /ˈpɜːrʒənz/
plural of “persian” — a native or inhabitant of Iran
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
a geometric element that has position but no extension
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
preparationsnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/
plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
re-entering
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
retreatednounUS /riˈtriːtəd/
people who have retreated
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
SalamisnounUS /səˈlɑːmiz/
plural of “salami” — highly seasoned fatty sausage of pork and beef usually dried
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/
English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)
From this reading Shakespeare.
for that reason; with the result that
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
Thessalynoun
a fertile plain on the Aegean Sea in east central Greece; Thessaly was a former region of ancient Greece
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
thoroughadjectiveUS /ˈθɜːroʊ/
painstakingly careful and accurate
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
Troezen
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/
a formal word for “on”
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
used to ask for information about something
From this reading What was his utter amazement upon re-entering the city to find it completely deserted, its citizens having remained at Salamis, Troezen and Aegina.
at the time that
From this reading “How oft when men are at the point of death Have they been merry!”
winteredverbUS /ˈwɪntərd/
past form of “winter” — spend the winter
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
in the company of; together with
From this reading With three hundred thousand men he wintered in Thessaly making thorough preparations for a second attack upon Athens the following summer.
Xerxes
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After the defeat of the Persians at Salamis, Xerxes retreated across the Hellespont to Asia, but Mardonius was not so easily disheartened.
