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Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1
Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
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ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.
We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.
First and last she had as many as half a dozen.
Several of these she never lost.
Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.
/ɔːl ˈtʃɪldrən hæv ˈnɪkneɪmz ənd wiː hæd ˈaʊərz/
Line 2
We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.
Line 3
First and last she had as many as half a dozen.
/fɜːrst ənd læst ʃiː hæd æz ˈmeni æz hæf ə ˈdʌzən/
Line 4
Several of these she never lost.
/ˈsevrəl ʌv ðiːz ʃiː ˈnevər lɔːst/
Line 5
Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apiece adverb US /əˈpiːs/

to or from every one of two or more (considered individually)

From this reading “We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.”

bashful adjective US /ˈbæʃfəl/

self-consciously timid

From this reading “Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.”

earned adjective US /ɜːrnd/

gained or acquired; especially through merit or as a result of effort or action

From this reading “We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.”

embarrassed adjective US /ɪmˈberəst/

feeling or caused to feel ill at ease or self-conscious or ashamed

From this reading “Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.”

nicknamed verb US /ˈnɪkneɪmd/

past form of “nickname” — give a nickname to

From this reading “Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.”

nicknames noun US /ˈnɪkneɪmz/

plural of “nickname” — a familiar name for a person (often a shortened version of a person's given name)

From this reading “ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.”

richer adjective US /ˈrɪtʃər/

comparative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading “We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.”

surpassed verb US /sərˈpæst/

past form of “surpass” — distinguish oneself

From this reading “Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

ALLadjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.

apieceadverbUS /əˈpiːs/

to or from every one of two or more (considered individually)

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

bashfuladjectiveUS /ˈbæʃfəl/

self-consciously timid

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

CHILDRENnounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.

coloredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌlərd/

having color or a certain color; sometimes used in combination

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

dozennounUS /ˈdʌzən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading First and last she had as many as half a dozen.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

earnedadjectiveUS /ɜːrnd/

gained or acquired; especially through merit or as a result of effort or action

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

embarrassedadjectiveUS /ɪmˈberəst/

feeling or caused to feel ill at ease or self-conscious or ashamed

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading First and last she had as many as half a dozen.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading First and last she had as many as half a dozen.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

Joan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading First and last she had as many as half a dozen.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading Several of these she never lost.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading First and last she had as many as half a dozen.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

naturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Several of these she never lost.

nicknamedverbUS /ˈnɪkneɪmd/

past form of “nickname” — give a nickname to

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

nicknamesnounUS /ˈnɪkneɪmz/

plural of “nickname” — a familiar name for a person (often a shortened version of a person's given name)

From this reading ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Several of these she never lost.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.

Peasant-girls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

richeradjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃər/

comparative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

SeveraladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Several of these she never lost.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

strangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

stuckadjectiveUS /stʌk/

caught or fixed

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

surpassedverbUS /sərˈpæst/

past form of “surpass” — distinguish oneself

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Peasant-girls are bashful naturally; but she surpassed the rule so far, and colored so easily, and was so easily embarrassed in the presence of strangers, that we nicknamed her the Bashful.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Several of these she never lost.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading ALL CHILDREN have nicknames, and we had ours.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading We got one apiece early, and they stuck to us; but Joan was richer in this matter, for, as time went on, she earned a second, and then a third, and so on, and we gave them to her.

Chapter 5 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 by Mark Twain holds 200 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 5 holds 200 sentences of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 by Mark Twain exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 200 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sieur
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Louis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Conte
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.