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Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1
Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 is here in full — 140 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
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ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.
She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.
But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.
She was carrying France upon her heart, and she found the burden not light.
I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 is here in full — 140 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.
Line 2
She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.
/ʃiː hæd bɪn ə hɑːt ˈpeɪtriət ɔːl ðɪs taɪm ənd səmˈtaɪmz ðə wɔːr nuːz hæd ˈsoʊbərd hɜːr ˈspɪrɪts ənd rʌŋ hɜːr hɑːrt ənd meɪd hɜːr əˈkweɪntɪd wɪð terz bʌt ˈɔːlweɪz wen ðiːz ˌɪntərˈʌpʃənz hæd rʌn ðer kɔːrs hɜːr ˈspɪrɪts roʊz ənd ʃiː wɑːz hɜːr oʊld self əˈɡen/
Line 3
But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.
/bʌt naʊ fɔːr ə hoʊl jɪr ənd ə hæf ʃiː hæd bɪn ˈmeɪnli ɡreɪv nɑːt ˈmelənkɑːli bʌt ˈɡɪvən tuː θɔːt æbˈstrækʃən driːmz/
Line 4
She was carrying France upon her heart, and she found the burden not light.
/ʃiː wɑːz ˈkæriɪŋ fræns əˈpɑːn hɜːr hɑːrt ənd ʃiː faʊnd ðə ˈbɜːrdən nɑːt laɪt/
Line 5
I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

absorbing adjective US /əbˈzɔːrbɪŋ/

capable of arousing and holding the attention

From this reading “I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.”

abstraction noun US /æbˈstrækʃən/

a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance

From this reading “But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.”

fourteenth adjective US /ˈfɔːrˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the thirteenth in position

From this reading “ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.”

glimpses noun US /ˈɡlɪmpsɪz/

plural of “glimpse” — a quick look

From this reading “I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.”

interruptions noun US /ˌɪntərˈʌpʃənz/

plural of “interruption” — an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity

From this reading “She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.”

patriot noun US /ˈpeɪtriət/

one who loves and defends his or her country

From this reading “She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.”

sobered verb US /ˈsoʊbərd/

past form of “sober” — cause to become sober

From this reading “She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.”

supplemented verb US /sʌpləmentɪd/

past form of “supplement” — add as a supplement to what seems insufficient

From this reading “ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

absorbingadjectiveUS /əbˈzɔːrbɪŋ/

capable of arousing and holding the attention

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

abstractionnounUS /æbˈstrækʃən/

a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

acquaintedadjectiveUS /əˈkweɪntɪd/

having fair knowledge of

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

ALLadjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

attributedverbUS /əˈtrɪbjətɪd/

past form of “attribute” — attribute or credit to

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

burdennounUS /ˈbɜːrdən/

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading She was carrying France upon her heart, and she found the burden not light.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

carryingverbUS /ˈkæriɪŋ/

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading She was carrying France upon her heart, and she found the burden not light.

catchingnounUS /ˈkætʃɪŋ/

(baseball) playing the position of catcher on a baseball team

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

childhoodnounUS /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/

the time of person's life when they are a child

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

creaturenounUS /ˈkriːtʃər/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

dispositionnounUS /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/

your usual mood

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

dreamsnounUS /driːmz/

plural of “dream” — a series of mental images and emotions occurring during sleep

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

ecstasynounUS /ˈekstəsi/

a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

everybody's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading She was carrying France upon her heart, and she found the burden not light.

fourteenthadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the thirteenth in position

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading She was carrying France upon her heart, and she found the burden not light.

frankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

gaitnounUS /ɡeɪt/

the rate of moving (especially walking or running)

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

glimpsesnounUS /ˈɡlɪmpsɪz/

plural of “glimpse” — a quick look

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

hop-skip-and-jump

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

interruptionsnounUS /ˌɪntərˈʌpʃənz/

plural of “interruption” — an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

Joan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

laughnounUS /læf/

the sound of laughing

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading She was carrying France upon her heart, and she found the burden not light.

light-heartedadjective

carefree and happy and lighthearted

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

mainlyadverbUS /ˈmeɪnli/

for the most part

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

melancholynounUS /ˈmelənkɑːli/

a feeling of thoughtful sadness

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

merriest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

patriotnounUS /ˈpeɪtriət/

one who loves and defends his or her country

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

petnounUS /pet/

a domesticated animal kept for companionship or amusement

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

religiousadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

selfnounUS /self/

your consciousness of your own identity

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

soberedverbUS /ˈsoʊbərd/

past form of “sober” — cause to become sober

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

spiritsnounUS /ˈspɪrɪts/

an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

supplementedverbUS /sʌpləmentɪd/

past form of “supplement” — add as a supplement to what seems insufficient

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

sympatheticadjectiveUS /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/

of or relating to the sympathetic nervous system

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

tearsnounUS /terz/

the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds)

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

thinkings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

THROUGHprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading She was carrying France upon her heart, and she found the burden not light.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading But now for a whole year and a half she had been mainly grave; not melancholy, but given to thought, abstraction, dreams.

winningadjectiveUS /ˈwɪnɪŋ/

having won

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

wrungverbUS /rʌŋ/

inflected form of “wring” — twist and press out of shape

From this reading She had been a hot patriot all this time, and sometimes the war news had sobered her spirits and wrung her heart and made her acquainted with tears, but always when these interruptions had run their course her spirits rose and she was her old self again.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading ALL THROUGH her childhood and up to the middle of her fourteenth year, Joan had been the most light-hearted creature and the merriest in the village, with a hop-skip-and-jump gait and a happy and catching laugh; and this disposition, supplemented by her warm and sympathetic nature and frank and winning ways, had made her everybody’s pet.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading I knew that this was her trouble, but others attributed her abstraction to religious ecstasy, for she did not share her thinkings with the village at large, yet gave me glimpses of them, and so I knew, better than the rest, what was absorbing her interest.

Chapter 7 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 by Mark Twain holds 140 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 7 holds 140 sentences of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 by Mark Twain exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 140 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Common questions about reading Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 by Mark Twain on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 3831 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2874 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #2874, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 319 minutes of reading across 767 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sieur
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Louis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Conte
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.