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Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1
Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.
She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.
Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.
This letter was to be forwarded presently from Blois.
Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 is here in full — 91 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.
Line 2
She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.
/ʃiː mʌst hæv bɪn ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ɪt ɔːl aʊt bɪˈfɔːr ənd ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ ɪt ɪn hɜːr maɪnd ɪt floʊd frʌm hɜːr lɪps soʊ ˈsmuːðli ənd freɪmd ˌɪtˈself ˈɪntuː sʌtʃ vəˈveɪʃəs ənd ˈfɔːrsəbəl ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/
Line 3
Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.
/stɪl ɪt maɪt nɑːt hæv bɪn soʊ ʃiː ˈɔːlweɪz hæd ə kwɪk maɪnd ənd ə ˈkeɪpəbəl tʌŋ ənd hɜːr ˈfækəltiz wɜːr ˈkɑːnstəntli dɪˈveləpɪŋ ɪn ðiːz ˈlætər wiːks/
Line 4
This letter was to be forwarded presently from Blois.
Line 5
Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

commanders noun US /kəˈmændərz/

plural of “commander” — an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading “JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.”

developing adjective US /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/

relating to societies in which capital needed to industrialize is in short supply

From this reading “Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.”

dictate verb US /dɪkˈteɪt/

issue commands or orders for

From this reading “JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.”

forcible adjective US /ˈfɔːrsəbəl/

impelled by physical force especially against resistance

From this reading “She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.”

forwarded verb US /ˈfɔːrwərdɪd/

past form of “forward” — send or ship onward from an intermediate post or station in transit

From this reading “This letter was to be forwarded presently from Blois.”

strongholds noun US /ˈstrɔːŋhoʊldz/

plural of “stronghold” — a strongly fortified defensive structure

From this reading “JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.”

summoning noun US /ˈsʌmənɪŋ/

calling up supposed supernatural forces by spells and incantations

From this reading “JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.”

vivacious adjective US /vəˈveɪʃəs/

vigorous and animated

From this reading “She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

actverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

arrangingnounUS /ərˈeɪndʒɪŋ/

the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This letter was to be forwarded presently from Blois.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

Blois

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This letter was to be forwarded presently from Blois.

capableadjectiveUS /ˈkeɪpəbəl/

(usually followed by “of”) having capacity or ability

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

commandersnounUS /kəˈmændərz/

plural of “commander” — an officer in command of a military unit

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

constantlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnstəntli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

deliververbUS /dɪˈlɪvər/

deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

departverbUS /dɪˈpɑːrt/

move away from a place into another direction

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

depotnounUS /ˈdiːpoʊ/

station where transport vehicles load or unload passengers or goods

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

developingadjectiveUS /dɪˈveləpɪŋ/

relating to societies in which capital needed to industrialize is in short supply

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

dictateverbUS /dɪkˈteɪt/

issue commands or orders for

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

facultiesnounUS /ˈfækəltiz/

plural of “faculty” — one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

flowedverbUS /floʊd/

past form of “flow” — move or progress freely as if in a stream

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

forcibleadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrsəbəl/

impelled by physical force especially against resistance

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

forwardedverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərdɪd/

past form of “forward” — send or ship onward from an intermediate post or station in transit

From this reading This letter was to be forwarded presently from Blois.

framedadjectiveUS /freɪmd/

provided with a frame

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

HireverbUS /ˈhaɪər/

engage or hire for work

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

Joan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

JOAN'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

LanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

lipsnounUS /lɪps/

plural of “lip” — either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

MennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

offeringnounUS /ˈɔːfərɪŋ/

something offered (as a proposal or bid)

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

officialadjectiveUS /əˈfɪʃəl/

having official authority or sanction

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

orderedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrdərd/

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

OrleansnounUS /ˈɔːrliənz/

a city on the Loire river in north central France; site of the siege of Orleans by the English (1428-1429)

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

presentlyadverbUS /ˈprezəntli/

in the near future

From this reading This letter was to be forwarded presently from Blois.

provisionsnounUS /prəˈvɪʒənz/

a stock or supply of foods

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

quickadjectiveUS /kwɪk/

accomplished rapidly and without delay

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

recruiting-station

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

smoothlyadverbUS /ˈsmuːðli/

with no problems or difficulties

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

StilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

strongholdsnounUS /ˈstrɔːŋhoʊldz/

plural of “stronghold” — a strongly fortified defensive structure

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

summoningnounUS /ˈsʌmənɪŋ/

calling up supposed supernatural forces by spells and incantations

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

suppliesnounUS /səˈplaɪz/

plural of “supply” — an amount of something available for use

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading Men, provisions, and money were offering in plenty now, and Joan appointed Blois as a recruiting-station and depot of supplies, and ordered up La Hire from the front to take charge.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This letter was to be forwarded presently from Blois.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

vivaciousadjectiveUS /vəˈveɪʃəs/

vigorous and animated

From this reading She must have been thinking it all out before and arranging it in her mind, it flowed from her lips so smoothly, and framed itself into such vivacious and forcible language.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading JOAN’S first official act was to dictate a letter to the English commanders at Orleans, summoning them to deliver up all strongholds in their possession and depart out of France.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Still, it might not have been so; she always had a quick mind and a capable tongue, and her faculties were constantly developing in these latter weeks.

Chapter 19 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 by Mark Twain holds 91 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 19 holds 91 sentences of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 by Mark Twain exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 91 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Common questions about reading Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 by Mark Twain on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1?

Yes. All 3831 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2874 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2874, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 take to read?

About 319 minutes of reading across 767 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 section by section

How to work through Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Sieur
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Louis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Conte
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.