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Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver
Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PART IV.
Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.
All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.
Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.
The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PART IV.
Line 2
Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.
Line 3
All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.
Line 4
Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.
Line 5
The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.
/ðə kɑːz ʌv hɪz səkˈses leɪ ˈsɪmpli ɪn ðɪs ðæt hiː ˈnevər læft ənd nʌn ʌv ˈaʊər ˈriːdərz niːd biː toʊld ðæt ðə əˈpɪrəns ʌv ə ɡreɪv tʃiːt ɪn ˈaɪərlənd ɪz æn ərˌɪdʒəˈnælɪti wɪtʃ ˈɔːlmoʊst rʌnz ʌp ˈɪntuː ə ˈmɪrəkəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cheat verb US /tʃiːt/

deprive somebody of something by deceit

From this reading “Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.”

duplicity noun US /duːˈplɪsɪti/

a fraudulent or duplicitous representation

From this reading “Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.”

knave noun US /neɪv/

a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel

From this reading “All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.”

originality noun US /ərˌɪdʒəˈnælɪti/

the ability to think and act independently

From this reading “The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.”

plentiful adjective US /ˈplentəfəl/

existing in great number or quantity

From this reading “Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.”

popularity noun US /ˌpɑːpjəˈlerəti/

the quality of being widely admired or accepted or sought after

From this reading “Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.”

reveal verb US /rɪˈviːl/

make visible

From this reading “Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.”

singularity noun US /ˈsɪŋɡjəˈlerəti/

the quality of being one of a kind

From this reading “Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

acquaintancesnounUS /əˈkweɪntənsɪz/

plural of “acquaintance” — personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

cheatverbUS /tʃiːt/

deprive somebody of something by deceit

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

decidedlyadverbUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdədli/

without question and beyond doubt

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

duplicitynounUS /duːˈplɪsɪti/

a fraudulent or duplicitous representation

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

favoritenounUS /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

something regarded with special favor or liking

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

hatenounUS /heɪt/

the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

IrelandnounUS /ˈaɪərlənd/

a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

IVnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading PART IV.

knavenounUS /neɪv/

a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

laughedverbUS /læft/

past form of “laugh” — produce laughter

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

miraclenounUS /ˈmɪrəkəl/

any amazing or wonderful occurrence

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

mysterynounUS /ˈmɪstəri/

something that baffles understanding and cannot be explained

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

notwithstandingadverbUS /ˌnɑːtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/

despite anything to the contrary (usually preceding a concession)

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

originalitynounUS /ərˌɪdʒəˈnælɪti/

the ability to think and act independently

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

PARTnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading PART IV.

Phil

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

plentifuladjectiveUS /ˈplentəfəl/

existing in great number or quantity

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

popularitynounUS /ˌpɑːpjəˈlerəti/

the quality of being widely admired or accepted or sought after

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

practicaladjectiveUS /ˈpræktəkəl/

concerned with actual use or practice

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

Purcel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

purposesnounUS /ˈpɜːrpəsəz/

plural of “purpose” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

revealverbUS /rɪˈviːl/

make visible

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

runsnounUS /rʌnz/

plural of “run” — a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

singularitynounUS /ˈsɪŋɡjəˈlerəti/

the quality of being one of a kind

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

stocknounUS /stɑːk/

the capital raised by a corporation through the issue of shares entitling holders to an ownership interest

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Phil Purcel was a singular character, for he was never married; but notwithstanding his singularity, no man ever possessed, for practical purposes, a more plentiful stock of duplicity.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The cause of his success lay simply in this; that he never laughed; and, none of our readers need be told, that the appearance of a grave cheat in Ireland is an originality which almost runs up into a miracle.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Now as we hate mystery ourselves, we shall reveal the secret of this remarkable popularity; though, after all, it can scarcely be called so, for Phil was not the first cheat who has been popular in his day.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading All his acquaintances knew that Phil was a knave of the first water, yet was he decidedly a general favorite.

Chapter 1 of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver by William Carleton holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver contain?

Chapter 1 holds 408 sentences of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver by William Carleton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver

Common questions about reading Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver by William Carleton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver?

Yes. All 2821 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16015 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16015, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver take to read?

About 235 minutes of reading across 565 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver section by section

How to work through Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver

Words and structures a reader meets early in Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Purcel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Singular
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Character
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Never
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Phil Purcel, The Pig-Driver; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.