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Philip Augustus
Philip Augustus

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Philip Augustus is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Philip Augustus
Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.
A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.
In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!
Try not to come down there.
You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Philip Augustus

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Philip Augustus is here in full — 111 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.
Line 2
A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.
/ə mæs ʌv ʃrʌbz oʊvərˈhʌŋ ðə ˈʃelvɪŋ edʒ ʌv ðə rɑːk ənd ˈtoʊtəli ˌɪntərˈseptəd hɪz vjuː/
Line 3
In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!
Line 4
Try not to come down there.
/traɪ nɑːt tuː kʌm daʊn ðer/
Line 5
You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."
/juː wɪl brɪŋ ðə rɑːks ənd luːs stoʊnz əˈpɑːn ˈaʊər hedz ənd kɪl ʌs ɔːl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cavalcade noun US /ˈkævəlkeɪd/

a procession of people traveling on horseback

From this reading “In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!”

dell noun US /del/

a small wooded hollow

From this reading “In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!”

Hugo noun US /ˈhjuːɡoʊ/

French poet and novelist and dramatist; leader of the romantic movement in France (1802-1885)

From this reading “In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!”

intercepted verb US /ˌɪntərˈseptəd/

past form of “intercept” — seize on its way

From this reading “A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.”

lord's noun US /lɔːrdz/

possessive form of “lord” — terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading “In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!”

overhung verb US /oʊvərˈhʌŋ/

inflected form of “overhang” — project over

From this reading “A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.”

shelving verb US /ˈʃelvɪŋ/

-ing form of “shelve” — hold back to a later time

From this reading “A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.”

shrubs noun US /ʃrʌbz/

plural of “shrub” — a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading “A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

loose stones adjective + noun counted as “loose stone”

In this reading “You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."”

over the brink preposition + article + noun counted as “over … brink”

In this reading “In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!”

deep voice adjective + noun

In this reading “In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!”

into the ravine preposition + article + noun counted as “into … ravine”

In this reading “It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.”

come down verb + adjective

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

In this reading “Try not to come down there.”

from the bottom preposition + article + noun counted as “from … bottom”

In this reading “In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!”

All words in this reading · 76

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

assistancenounUS /əˈsɪstəns/

the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

attemptingverbUS /əˈtemptɪŋ/

-ing form of “attempt” — make an effort or attempt

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

Barre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

brinknounUS /brɪŋk/

a region marking a boundary

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

cavalcadenounUS /ˈkævəlkeɪd/

a procession of people traveling on horseback

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Try not to come down there.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

d'Auvergne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

dellnounUS /del/

a small wooded hollow

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

descendverbUS /dɪˈsend/

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

endeavouring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

exclaimedverbUS /ɪkˈskleɪmd/

past form of “exclaim” — utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

gazedverbUS /ɡeɪzd/

past form of “gaze” — look at with fixed eyes

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

half-way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

HoldverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

HugonounUS /ˈhjuːɡoʊ/

French poet and novelist and dramatist; leader of the romantic movement in France (1802-1885)

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

interceptedverbUS /ˌɪntərˈseptəd/

past form of “intercept” — seize on its way

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

killverbUS /kɪl/

cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

looseadjectiveUS /luːs/

not compact or dense in structure or arrangement

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

lord'snounUS /lɔːrdz/

possessive form of “lord” — terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

meanwhileadverbUS /ˈmiːnwaɪl/

at the same time but in another place

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Try not to come down there.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

overhungverbUS /oʊvərˈhʌŋ/

inflected form of “overhang” — project over

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

rashnounUS /ræʃ/

any red eruption of the skin

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

ravinenounUS /rəˈviːn/

a deep narrow steep-sided valley (especially one formed by running water)

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

rocknounUS /rɑːk/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

rocksnounUS /rɑːks/

plural of “rock” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

shelvingverbUS /ˈʃelvɪŋ/

-ing form of “shelve” — hold back to a later time

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

shrubsnounUS /ʃrʌbz/

plural of “shrub” — a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

sprungverbUS /sprʌŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

squirenounUS /skwaɪr/

young nobleman attendant on a knight

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

stonesnounUS /stoʊnz/

plural of “stone” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Try not to come down there.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

totallyadverbUS /ˈtoʊtəli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

TryverbUS /traɪ/

make an effort or attempt

From this reading Try not to come down there.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading A mass of shrubs overhung the shelving edge of the rock and totally intercepted his view.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was in vain that the Count d'Auvergne gazed down into the ravine, endeavouring to gain a sight of his rash friend.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading In the meanwhile, however, Hugo de Barre, the squire who had led the cavalcade, had sprung to the ground, and was already half-way over the brink, attempting to descend to his lord's assistance, when a deep voice from the bottom of the dell exclaimed, "Hold! hold above!

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You will bring the rocks and loose stones upon our heads, and kill us all."

Chapter 4 of Philip Augustus by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James holds 111 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Philip Augustus contain?

Chapter 4 holds 111 sentences of Philip Augustus, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Philip Augustus by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 111 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Philip Augustus?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Philip Augustus

Common questions about reading Philip Augustus by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Philip Augustus?

Yes. All 6027 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50462 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Philip Augustus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50462, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Philip Augustus take to read?

About 502 minutes of reading across 1206 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Philip Augustus section by section

How to work through Philip Augustus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Philip Augustus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Philip Augustus

Words and structures a reader meets early in Philip Augustus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Novels
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Literature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Generally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attractive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.