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Philip Augustus
Philip Augustus

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Philip Augustus is here in full — 90 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Philip Augustus
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.
It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.
The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.
Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.
All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Philip Augustus

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Philip Augustus is here in full — 90 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.
Line 2
It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.
Line 3
The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.
Line 4
Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.
Line 5
All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Beau noun US /boʊ/

a man who is the lover of a man or woman

From this reading “Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.”

etiquette noun US /ˈetəkət/

rules governing socially acceptable behavior

From this reading “The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.”

hereditary adjective US /hərˈedəteri/

occurring among members of a family usually by heredity

From this reading “Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.”

pageant noun US /ˈpædʒənt/

an elaborate representation of scenes from history etc; usually involves a parade with rich costumes

From this reading “It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.”

regulated adjective US /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪd/

controlled or governed according to rule or principle or law

From this reading “All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.”

rigidity noun US /rɪˈdʒɪdəti/

the physical property of being stiff and resisting bending

From this reading “All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.”

unfettered adjective US /ənˈfetərd/

not bound by shackles and chains

From this reading “It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.”

unsophisticated adjective US /ˌʌnsəˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/

not wise in the ways of the world

From this reading “All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

great deeds adjective + noun

In this reading “Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.”

lively scenes adjective + noun counted as “lively scene”

In this reading “It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.”

two centuries noun + noun counted as “two century”

In this reading “The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.”

reverence for verb + particle

In this reading “Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.”

within the castle preposition + article + noun counted as “within … castle”

In this reading “Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.”

met with verb + particle counted as “meet with”

In this reading “It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

appliedadjectiveUS /əˈplaɪd/

concerned with concrete problems or data rather than with fundamental principles

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

BeaunounUS /boʊ/

a man who is the lover of a man or woman

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

ceremonynounUS /ˈserəmoʊni/

a formal event performed on a special occasion

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

cour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

d'Auvergne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

deedsnounUS /diːdz/

performance of moral or religious acts

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

enchainedadjective

bound with chains

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

etiquettenounUS /ˈetəkət/

rules governing socially acceptable behavior

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

free-will

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

guestsnounUS /ɡests/

plural of “guest” — a visitor to whom hospitality is extended

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

hereditaryadjectiveUS /hərˈedəteri/

occurring among members of a family usually by heredity

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

Letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

livelyadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪvli/

full of life and energy

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

markverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

messengersnounUS /ˈmesəndʒərz/

plural of “messenger” — a person who carries a message

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

Monseigneur

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

movementnounUS /ˈmuːvmənt/

a change of position that does not entail a change of location

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

offeringnounUS /ˈɔːfərɪŋ/

something offered (as a proposal or bid)

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

pageantnounUS /ˈpædʒənt/

an elaborate representation of scenes from history etc; usually involves a parade with rich costumes

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

plenière

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

regulatedadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪd/

controlled or governed according to rule or principle or law

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

reverenceverbUS /ˈrevərəns/

regard with feelings of respect and reverence; consider hallowed or exalted or be in awe of

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

rigidadjectiveUS /ˈrɪdʒəd/

incapable of or resistant to bending

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

rigiditynounUS /rɪˈdʒɪdəti/

the physical property of being stiff and resisting bending

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

scenesnounUS /siːnz/

plural of “scene” — the place where some action occurs

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

seldomadverbUS /ˈseldəm/

not often

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

shownverbUS /ʃoʊn/

inflected form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

SireverbUS /ˈsaɪər/

make (offspring) by reproduction

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

son'snounUS /sʌnz/

possessive form of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

splendidadjectiveUS /ˈsplendɪd/

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

splendournoun

a quality that outshines the usual

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

stationnounUS /ˈsteɪʃən/

a facility equipped with special equipment and personnel for a particular purpose

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

TitlesnounUS /ˈtaɪtəlz/

plural of “title” — a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

unfetteredadjectiveUS /ənˈfetərd/

not bound by shackles and chains

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

unknownadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊn/

not known

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

unsophisticatedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnsəˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/

not wise in the ways of the world

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

virtuesnounUS /ˈvɜːrtʃuːz/

plural of “virtue” — the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

warnedverbUS /wɔːrnd/

past form of “warn” — notify of danger, potential harm, or risk

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading Titles of honour rose no higher than Beau Sire, or Monseigneur, and these even were applied more as a mark of reverence for great deeds and splendid virtues, than for wealth and hereditary rank.

welcomeverbUS /ˈwelkəm/

accept gladly

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The rigid etiquette, which in two centuries after enchained every movement of the French court, was then unknown.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was one of those gay and lively scenes now seldom met with, where pageant, and splendour, and show were unfettered by cold form and ceremony.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Let us suppose the welcome given to all, and the guests within the castle of the Count d'Auvergne, who, warned by messengers of his son's approach, had called his _cour plenière_ to welcome the return.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading All was gay and free, and though respect was shown to age and station, it was the respect of an early and unsophisticated age, before the free-will offering of the heart to real dignity and worth had been regulated by the cold rigidity of a law.

Chapter 7 of Philip Augustus by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James holds 90 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Philip Augustus contain?

Chapter 7 holds 90 sentences of Philip Augustus, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Philip Augustus by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 90 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Philip Augustus?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Philip Augustus

Common questions about reading Philip Augustus by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Philip Augustus?

Yes. All 6027 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50462 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Philip Augustus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50462, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Philip Augustus take to read?

About 502 minutes of reading across 1206 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Philip Augustus section by section

How to work through Philip Augustus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Philip Augustus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Philip Augustus

Words and structures a reader meets early in Philip Augustus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Novels
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Literature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Generally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attractive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.