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Philip Augustus
Philip Augustus

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Philip Augustus is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
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By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.
We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.
This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.
How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.
Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Philip Augustus

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Philip Augustus is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.
Line 2
We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.
Line 3
This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.
Line 4
How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.
Line 5
Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adhered verb US /ædˈhɪrd/

past form of “adhere” — be compatible or in accordance with

From this reading “How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.”

barons noun US /ˈbærənz/

plural of “baron” — a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank

From this reading “How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.”

Brittany noun US /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading “Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.”

Dijon noun US /ˈdiːʒɑːn/

an industrial city in eastern France to the north of Lyons

From this reading “By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.”

duchy noun US /ˈdʌtʃi/

the domain controlled by a duke or duchess

From this reading “Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.”

interdict noun US /ˈɪntərdɪkt/

an ecclesiastical censure by the Roman Catholic Church withdrawing certain sacraments and Christian burial from a person or all persons in a particular district

From this reading “By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.”

Normandy noun US /ˈnɔːrməndi/

a former province of northwestern France on the English channel; divided into Haute-Normandie and Basse-Normandie

From this reading “Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.”

tardy adjective US /ˈtɑːrdi/

after the expected or usual time; delayed

From this reading “By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

elder brother noun + noun

In this reading “This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.”

gentle reader adjective + noun

In this reading “We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.”

wore a crown verb + article + noun counted as “wear … crown”

In this reading “This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.”

most pitiful adverb + adjective

In this reading “This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.”

worn by verb + particle

In this reading “This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.”

some hours adjective + noun

In this reading “By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.”

All words in this reading · 143

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

Acquitaine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

adheredverbUS /ædˈhɪrd/

past form of “adhere” — be compatible or in accordance with

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

Agnes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

Anjounoun

a former province of western France in the Loire valley

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

antediluviannoun

any of the early patriarchs who lived prior to the Noachian deluge

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

armournounUS /ˈɑːrmər/

a military unit consisting of armored fighting vehicles

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

ArthurnounUS /ˈɑːrθər/

elected vice president and became 21st President of the United States when Garfield was assassinated (1830-1886)

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

baronsnounUS /ˈbærənz/

plural of “baron” — a nobleman (in various countries) of varying rank

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

begverbUS /beɡ/

call upon in supplication; entreat

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

BrittanynounUS /ˈbrɪtəni/

a former province of northwestern France on a peninsula between the English Channel and the Bay of Biscay

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

coatnounUS /koʊt/

an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

Compiègne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

ConstancenounUS /ˈkɑːnstəns/

a lake in southeastern Germany on the northern side of the Swiss Alps; forms part of the Rhine River

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

conveyances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

Coucy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

crownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

customaryadjectiveUS /ˈkʌstəmeri/

in accordance with convention or custom

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

DenounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

descendedverbUS /dɪˈsendəd/

past form of “descend” — move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

despisedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspaɪzd/

treated with dislike or contempt

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

destinedadjectiveUS /ˈdestɪnd/

headed or intending to head in a certain direction; often used as a combining form as in “college-bound students”

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

DijonnounUS /ˈdiːʒɑːn/

an industrial city in eastern France to the north of Lyons

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

duchynounUS /ˈdʌtʃi/

the domain controlled by a duke or duchess

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

eldernounUS /ˈeldər/

a person who is older than you are

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

feofs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

formsnounUS /fɔːrmz/

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

garmentnounUS /ˈɡɑːrmənt/

an article of clothing

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

Geoffrey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

interdictnounUS /ˈɪntərdɪkt/

an ecclesiastical censure by the Roman Catholic Church withdrawing certain sacraments and Christian burial from a person or all persons in a particular district

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

Lackland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

legitimateadjectiveUS /ləˈdʒɪtəmət/

of marriages and offspring; recognized as lawful

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

LionnounUS /ˈlaɪən/

large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

Magny

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

meanestadjectiveUS /ˈmiːnəst/

superlative of “mean” — approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

Meranie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

NormandynounUS /ˈnɔːrməndi/

a former province of northwestern France on the English channel; divided into Haute-Normandie and Basse-Normandie

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

noughtnoun

a mathematical element that when added to another number yields the same number

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

oe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

pitifuladjectiveUS /ˈpɪtəfəl/

inspiring mixed contempt and pity

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

Plantagenetnoun

the family name of a line of English kings that reigned from 1154 to 1485

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

Poitounoun

a low-lying region of west central France on the Bay of Biscay

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

princenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

pronouncedadjectiveUS /prəˈnaʊnst/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

queennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

reportverbUS /riˈpɔːrt/

to give an account or representation of in words

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

roadsnounUS /roʊdz/

a partly sheltered anchorage

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

ruledadjectiveUS /ruːld/

subject to a ruling authority

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

sadadjectiveUS /sæd/

experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

SufficeverbUS /səˈfaɪs/

be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity

From this reading Suffice it, that John ruled in England, and also retained possession of all the feofs of his family in France, Normandy, Poitou, Anjou, and Acquitaine, leaving to Arthur nought but the duchy of Brittany, which descended to him from Constance his mother.

sunny-faced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

tardyadjectiveUS /ˈtɑːrdi/

after the expected or usual time; delayed

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

tearverbUS /ter/

separate or cause to separate abruptly

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

thereofadverbUS /ˌðeˈrʌv/

of or concerning this or that

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

travelledadjectiveUS /ˈtrævəld/

familiar with many parts of the world

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

unknownadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊn/

not known

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

urnounUS /ɜːr/

an ancient city of Sumer located on a former channel of the Euphrates River

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

usurpernoun

one who wrongfully or illegally seizes and holds the place of another

From this reading How it happened that, on the death of Richard C[oe]ur de Lion, the barons of England adhered to an usurper they despised rather than to their legitimate prince, forms no part of this history.

villainnounUS /ˈvɪlən/

a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading By tardy conveyances, and over antediluvian roads, news travelled slowly in the days we speak of; and the interdict which we have seen pronounced at Dijon, and unknown at De Coucy Magny, was even some hours older before the report thereof reached Compiègne.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

woreverbUS /wɔːr/

inflected form of “wear” — be dressed in

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

workingadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading This garment, which it was then customary to bear over the armour, was destined to be worn by one whose sad place in history has caused many a tear--Arthur the son of that Geoffrey Plantagenet, who was elder brother of John Lackland, the meanest and most pitiful villain that ever wore a crown.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading We must beg the gentle reader to remember a sunny-faced youth, for whom the fair queen of France, Agnes de Meranie, was, when last we left him, working a gay coat of arms.

Chapter 17 of Philip Augustus by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James holds 100 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Philip Augustus contain?

Chapter 17 holds 100 sentences of Philip Augustus, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Philip Augustus by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 100 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Philip Augustus?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Philip Augustus

Common questions about reading Philip Augustus by G. P. R. (George Payne Rainsford) James on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Philip Augustus?

Yes. All 6027 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50462 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Philip Augustus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50462, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Philip Augustus take to read?

About 502 minutes of reading across 1206 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Philip Augustus section by section

How to work through Philip Augustus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Philip Augustus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Philip Augustus

Words and structures a reader meets early in Philip Augustus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Novels
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Literature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Generally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Attractive
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Philip Augustus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.