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Philip Rollo
Philip Rollo

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Philip Rollo is here in full — 49 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SIR DONALD AND HIS REGIMENT.
From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.
It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.
As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.
I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Philip Rollo

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Philip Rollo is here in full — 49 sentences across 10 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SIR DONALD AND HIS REGIMENT.
Line 2
From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.
Line 3
It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.
Line 4
As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.
Line 5
I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.
/aɪ hæd ə ɡʊd per ʌv ˈaʊər ˈskɑːtɪʃ ˈpɪstəlz wɪð ˈaɪərn bʌts ə bæk sɔːrd ənd ˈdæɡ.ər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Aberdeen noun US /ˈæbərdiːn/

a town in western Washington

From this reading “From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.”

butts noun US /bʌts/

plural of “butt” — thick end of the handle

From this reading “I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.”

Covenant noun US /ˈkʌvənənt/

a signed written agreement between two or more parties (nations) to perform some action

From this reading “From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.”

devices noun US /dɪˈvaɪsəz/

an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase “left to your own devices”

From this reading “It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.”

eminent adjective US /ˈemənənt/

standing above others in quality or position

From this reading “From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.”

inlaid adjective US /ˈɪnleɪd/

adorned by inlays

From this reading “It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.”

kilt noun US /kɪlt/

a knee-length pleated tartan skirt worn by men as part of the traditional dress in the Highlands of northern Scotland

From this reading “As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.”

Scottish noun US /ˈskɑːtɪʃ/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading “I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

iron bars noun + noun

In this reading “It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.”

consisted of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.”

before the wars preposition + article + noun counted as “before … war”

In this reading “From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

AberdeennounUS /ˈæbərdiːn/

a town in western Washington

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SIR DONALD AND HIS REGIMENT.

arm-pieces

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

armournounUS /ˈɑːrmər/

a military unit consisting of armored fighting vehicles

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

armourernoun

a worker skilled in making armor or arms

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

barsnounUS /bɑːrz/

gymnastic apparatus consisting of two parallel wooden rods supported on uprights

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

BraveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

breastnounUS /brest/

the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

buttsnounUS /bʌts/

plural of “butt” — thick end of the handle

From this reading I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.

Castlegate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

comradesnounUS /ˈkɑːmrædz/

plural of “comrade” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

CovenantnounUS /ˈkʌvənənt/

a signed written agreement between two or more parties (nations) to perform some action

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

curiouslyadverbUS /ˈkjʊriəsli/

in a manner differing from the usual or expected

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

daggernounUS /ˈdæɡ.ər/

A short knife with a pointed and edged blade, used as a stealth weapon.

From this reading I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

devicesnounUS /dɪˈvaɪsəz/

an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase “left to your own devices”

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

DONALD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SIR DONALD AND HIS REGIMENT.

eminentadjectiveUS /ˈemənənt/

standing above others in quality or position

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

glovesnounUS /ɡlʌvz/

plural of “glove” — the handwear used by fielders in playing baseball

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.

gorgetnoun

armor plate that protects the neck

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

helmetnounUS /ˈhelmət/

armor plate that protects the head

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading SIR DONALD AND HIS REGIMENT.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

inlaidadjectiveUS /ˈɪnleɪd/

adorned by inlays

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

kiltnounUS /kɪlt/

a knee-length pleated tartan skirt worn by men as part of the traditional dress in the Highlands of northern Scotland

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

leg-pieces

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

pairnounUS /per/

a set of two similar things considered as a unit

From this reading I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.

pistolsnounUS /ˈpɪstəlz/

plural of “pistol” — a firearm that is held and fired with one hand

From this reading I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

platesnounUS /pleɪts/

plural of “plate” — (baseball) base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands; it must be touched by a base runner in order to score

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

protectverbUS /prəˈtekt/

shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

purchasedverbUS /ˈpɜːrtʃəst/

past form of “purchase” — obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

quaintadjectiveUS /kweɪnt/

strange in an interesting or pleasing way

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

rareadjectiveUS /rer/

not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

REGIMENTverbUS /ˈredʒəmənt/

subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization

From this reading SIR DONALD AND HIS REGIMENT.

requiredadjectiveUS /riˈkwaɪərd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

ScottishnounUS /ˈskɑːtɪʃ/

the dialect of English used in Scotland

From this reading I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.

SIRnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading SIR DONALD AND HIS REGIMENT.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

suitverbUS /suːt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading I had a good pair of our Scottish pistols, with iron butts, a back sword and dagger.

sword-cuts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

tassettes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

TownnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

warsnounUS /wɔːrz/

plural of “war” — the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

wearverbUS /wer/

be dressed in

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

well-tempered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It consisted of back and breast plates, curiously inlaid with many rare and quaint devices; steel gloves, arm-pieces, a gorget and open helmet, with three iron bars, to protect the face from sword-cuts.

withaladverb

despite anything to the contrary (usually preceding a concession)

From this reading As leg-pieces had now gone out of fashion, and withal I was to wear a kilt like my comrades, tassettes were not required.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading From an eminent armourer in the Castlegate of the Brave Town of Aberdeen, I had purchased a suit of plain but well-tempered armour, such as a gentleman might wear, and such as no gentleman could be without in those days, before the wars of the Covenant.

Chapter 4 of Philip Rollo by James Grant holds 49 sentences, grouped into 10 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Philip Rollo contain?

Chapter 4 holds 49 sentences of Philip Rollo, unabridged, divided into 10 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Philip Rollo by James Grant exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 49 sentences, grouped into 10 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Philip Rollo?

Work through the 10 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 10 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Philip Rollo

Common questions about reading Philip Rollo by James Grant on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Philip Rollo?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Philip Rollo is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Philip Rollo take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Philip Rollo section by section

How to work through Philip Rollo section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Philip Rollo

Words and structures a reader meets early in Philip Rollo, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Philip Rollo, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Philip Rollo, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Philip Rollo, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.