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Pickwickian Studies
Pickwickian Studies

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Pickwickian Studies is here in full — 61 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/12 · 5 lines
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One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.
Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.
The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.
Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.
He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Pickwickian Studies

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Pickwickian Studies is here in full — 61 sentences across 13 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/12 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.
Line 2
Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.
Line 3
The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.
/ðə ɪˈlekʃən ˈmætərz wɜːr ˈɔːlsoʊ pərˈtɪkjələr ˈmɛm.ə.riz ʌv hɪz oʊn soʊ wɑːz ðə siːn ʌv ðə ˈɡoʊstli meɪl ˈkoʊtʃɪz/
Line 4
Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.
/ðen ðer wɑːz ðə ˈhɪdiəs ˌrekəˈlekʃən ʌv ðə laɪf ɪn ə ˈdetərz ˈprɪzən ʌv wɪtʃ hiː hæd sʌtʃ sæd ˈpɜːrsɪnəl ɪkˈspɪriəns wɪð mʌtʃ mɔːr/
Line 5
He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apprenticeship noun US /əˈprentəsʃɪp/

the position of apprentice

From this reading “Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.”

author's noun US /ˈɔːθərz/

possessive form of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading “One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.”

autobiographical adjective US /ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of an autobiographer

From this reading “One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.”

Borough noun US /ˈbɜːroʊ/

one of the administrative divisions of a large city

From this reading “He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.”

coaches noun US /ˈkoʊtʃɪz/

plural of “coach” — (sports) someone in charge of training an athlete or a team

From this reading “The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.”

debtors noun US /ˈdetərz/

plural of “debtor” — a person who owes a creditor; someone who has the obligation of paying a debt

From this reading “Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.”

Hogarth noun US /ˈhoʊɡɑːrθ/

English artist noted for a series of engravings that satirized the affectations of his time (1697-1764)

From this reading “Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.”

poignant adjective US /ˈpɔɪnjənt/

arousing affect

From this reading “Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

amountnounUS /əˈmaʊnt/

a quantity of money

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

apprenticeshipnounUS /əˈprentəsʃɪp/

the position of apprentice

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

associatedverbUS /əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd/

past form of “associate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

author'snounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

possessive form of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

autobiographicaladjectiveUS /ˌɔːtəbaɪəˈɡræfɪkəl/

of or relating to or characteristic of an autobiographer

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

BoroughnounUS /ˈbɜːroʊ/

one of the administrative divisions of a large city

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

boyhoodnounUS /ˈbɔɪhʊd/

the childhood of a boy

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

boyishadjectiveUS /ˈbɔɪɪʃ/

befitting or characteristic of a young boy

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

Chatham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

coachesnounUS /ˈkoʊtʃɪz/

plural of “coach” — (sports) someone in charge of training an athlete or a team

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

debtorsnounUS /ˈdetərz/

plural of “debtor” — a person who owes a creditor; someone who has the obligation of paying a debt

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

dissoluteadjective

unrestrained by convention or morality

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

electionnounUS /ɪˈlekʃən/

a vote to select the winner of a position or political office

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

ghostlyadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊstli/

resembling or characteristic of a phantom

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

Grimaldi's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

hideousadjectiveUS /ˈhɪdiəs/

grossly offensive to decency or morality; causing horror

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

hintedverbUS /ˈhɪntəd/

past form of “hint” — drop a hint; intimate by a hint

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

HogarthnounUS /ˈhoʊɡɑːrθ/

English artist noted for a series of engravings that satirized the affectations of his time (1697-1764)

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

Lant

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

lodgingnounUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪŋ/

structures collectively in which people are housed

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

mailnounUS /meɪl/

the bags of letters and packages that are transported by the postal service

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

mattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

memoriesnounUS /ˈmɛm.ə.riz/

Recollections of past events.

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

memorynounUS /ˈmem.ər.i/

The faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information and knowledge.

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

miserableadjectiveUS /ˈmɪzərəbəl/

very unhappy; full of misery

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

passagesnounUS /ˈpæsədʒəz/

plural of “passage” — the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

Pickwick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

poignantadjectiveUS /ˈpɔɪnjənt/

arousing affect

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

prisonnounUS /ˈprɪzən/

a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

recalledverbUS /rɪˈkɔːld/

past form of “recall” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

recollectionnounUS /ˌrekəˈlekʃən/

the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

recollectionsnounUS /ˌrekəˈlekʃənz/

plural of “recollection” — the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

RochesternounUS /ˈrɑːtʃestər/

a city in western New York; a center of the photographic equipment industry

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

sadadjectiveUS /sæd/

experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

sketchesnounUS /ˈsketʃəz/

plural of “sketch” — preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

sorrownounUS /ˈsɑːroʊ/

an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

StreetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

termedverbUS /tɜːrmd/

past form of “term” — name formally or designate with a term

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Then there was the hideous recollection of the life in a debtors' prison, of which he had such sad personal experience, with much more.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

uncongenialadjective

not suitable to your tastes or needs

From this reading Such are his sketches of Rochester and Chatham life during his boyhood, his recollections of Grimaldi's dissolute son, his own poignant sorrow on the death of Mary Hogarth, and the painful memories of his boyish apprenticeship to an uncongenial trade more than hinted at.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The election matters were also particular memories of his own, so was the scene of the ghostly mail coaches.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He recalled the time when he had a miserable lodging in Lant Street, Borough, and Lant Street was for him always a fixed point in his memory, and grew in size and importance.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading One of the remarkable things associated with "Pickwick" is its autobiographical character, as it might be termed, and the amount of the author's personal experience which is found in passages.

Chapter 4 of Pickwickian Studies by Percy Fitzgerald holds 61 sentences, grouped into 13 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Pickwickian Studies contain?

Chapter 4 holds 61 sentences of Pickwickian Studies, unabridged, divided into 13 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Pickwickian Studies by Percy Fitzgerald exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 61 sentences, grouped into 13 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Pickwickian Studies?

Work through the 13 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 13 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Pickwickian Studies

Common questions about reading Pickwickian Studies by Percy Fitzgerald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Pickwickian Studies?

Yes. All 1981 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #23490 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Pickwickian Studies is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #23490, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Pickwickian Studies take to read?

About 165 minutes of reading across 397 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Pickwickian Studies section by section

How to work through Pickwickian Studies section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 15 chapters of Pickwickian Studies to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Pickwickian Studies

Words and structures a reader meets early in Pickwickian Studies, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Percy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pickwickian Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fitzgerald
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pickwickian Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pickwickian Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pickwickian Studies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.