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Pictures from English History
Pictures from English History

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Pictures from English History is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.
"I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.
The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.
His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.
Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Pictures from English History

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Pictures from English History is here in full — 76 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.
Line 2
"I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.
Line 3
The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.
Line 4
His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.
Line 5
Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."
/tuː ˈpɜːrsənz ɑːr ˈlaɪɪŋ ded baɪ hɪz saɪd ənd hiː hɪmˈself əˈpɪrz tuː biː ˈwuːndɪd ɪn ðə ˈʃoʊldər bʌt wɪð ðə ˈɡreɪtəst kəmˈpoʊʒər ɪz kənˈtɪnjuːɪŋ tuː ɡɪv hɪz ˈɔːrdərz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

armies noun US /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading “"I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.”

chilblains noun US /ˈtʃɪlbleɪnz/

inflammation of the hands and feet caused by exposure to cold and moisture

From this reading “William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.”

commence verb US /kəˈmens/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading “William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.”

composure noun US /kəmˈpoʊʒər/

steadiness of mind under stress

From this reading “Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."”

contending verb US /kənˈtendɪŋ/

-ing form of “contend” — maintain or assert

From this reading “"I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.”

continuing adjective US /kənˈtɪnjuːɪŋ/

remaining in force or being carried on without letup

From this reading “Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."”

historical adjective US /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

of or relating to the study of history

From this reading “William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.”

survey noun US /sərˈveɪ/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading “The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

aquiline nose adjective + noun

In this reading “The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.”

opposite sides adjective + noun counted as “opposite side”

In this reading “"I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.”

middle height noun + noun

In this reading “The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.”

whole party adjective + noun

In this reading “William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.”

high forehead adjective + noun

In this reading “The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.”

principal figure noun + noun

In this reading “The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.”

grave countenance noun + noun

In this reading “The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.”

very grave adjective + noun

In this reading “The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

AlfrednounUS /ˈælfrəd/

king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

amusingadjectiveUS /əˈmjuːzɪŋ/

providing enjoyment; pleasantly entertaining

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

aquilineadjective

curved down like an eagle's beak

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

bearsnounUS /berz/

plural of “bear” — massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

beggedverbUS /beɡd/

inflected form of “beg” — call upon in supplication; entreat

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

cheerlessadjective

causing sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

chilblainsnounUS /ˈtʃɪlbleɪnz/

inflammation of the hands and feet caused by exposure to cold and moisture

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

commenceverbUS /kəˈmens/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

complainedverbUS /kəmˈpleɪnd/

past form of “complain” — express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

composurenounUS /kəmˈpoʊʒər/

steadiness of mind under stress

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

contendingverbUS /kənˈtendɪŋ/

-ing form of “contend” — maintain or assert

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

continuingadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːɪŋ/

remaining in force or being carried on without letup

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

describeverbUS /dɪˈskraɪb/

give a description of

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

entertainmentnounUS /ˌentərˈteɪnmənt/

an activity that is diverting and that holds the attention

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

feeblenessnoun

the state of being weak in health or body (especially from old age)

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

foreheadnounUS /ˈfɔːrhed/

the part of the face above the eyes

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

generous-looking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

groupnounUS /ɡruːp/

any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

historicaladjectiveUS /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

of or relating to the study of history

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

marksnounUS /mɑːrks/

English businessman who created a retail chain (1888-1964)

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

neverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

nosenounUS /noʊz/

the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

ordersnounUS /ˈɔːrdərz/

plural of “order” — (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

scenenounUS /siːn/

the place where some action occurs

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

surroundingadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋ/

closely encircling

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

surveynounUS /sərˈveɪ/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

Willie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I am going to describe a battle," said Willie; "the two contending armies are drawn up on opposite sides of a river; the surrounding scene bears marks of great poverty, nevertheless the inhabitants are a fine, generous-looking people.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The principal figure in the group is standing on the bank, taking a survey of the enemy; he is of the middle height, with a high forehead, aquiline nose, fine eyes, and a very grave countenance.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading William asked leave to commence the historical entertainment this evening, and the whole party begged for something very amusing, as the cold snow without, gave a cheerless look to all within, and poor Alfred complained of chilblains.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading His thin form would give an idea of feebleness, were it not for the energy of the mind within.

woundednounUS /ˈwuːndɪd/

people who are wounded

From this reading Two persons are lying dead by his side, and he himself appears to be wounded in the shoulder, but with the greatest composure is continuing to give his orders."

Chapter 11 of Pictures from English History by Anonymous holds 76 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Pictures from English History contain?

Chapter 11 holds 76 sentences of Pictures from English History, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Pictures from English History by Anonymous exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 76 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Pictures from English History?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Pictures from English History

Common questions about reading Pictures from English History by Anonymous on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Pictures from English History?

Yes. All 911 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59725 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Pictures from English History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59725, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Pictures from English History take to read?

About 75 minutes of reading across 183 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Pictures from English History section by section

How to work through Pictures from English History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Pictures from English History to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Pictures from English History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Pictures from English History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

English
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pictures from English History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pictures from English History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Engravings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pictures from English History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Binns
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pictures from English History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.