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Pierre Grassou
Pierre Grassou

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Pierre Grassou is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/40 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.
Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.
Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.
When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.
The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Pierre Grassou

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Pierre Grassou is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.
/ˈhævɪŋ lɪvd ɔːl hɪz laɪf ɪn tɔɪl ənd ˈpɑːvərti hiː hæd ˈnevər hæd ðə taɪm tuː lʌv/
Line 2
Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.
/puːr ənd ə ˈbætʃələr ənˈtɪl naʊ hiː dɪd nɑːt dɪˈzaɪər tuː ˈkɑːmpləkeɪt hɪz ˈsɪmpəl laɪf/
Line 3
Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.
Line 4
When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.
Line 5
The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

complicate verb US /ˈkɑːmpləkeɪt/

make more complicated

From this reading “Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.”

cum noun US /kʌm/

the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading “The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!”

devising noun US /dɪˈvaɪzɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading “Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.”

earnings noun US /ˈɜːrnɪŋz/

the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)

From this reading “Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.”

economies noun US /ɪˈkɑːnəmiz/

plural of “economy” — the system of production and distribution and consumption

From this reading “Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.”

mortgage noun US /ˈmɔːrɡədʒ/

a conditional conveyance of property as security for the repayment of a loan

From this reading “When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.”

payments noun US /ˈpeɪmənts/

plural of “payment” — a sum of money paid or a claim discharged

From this reading “When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.”

quarterly adjective US /ˈkwɔːrtərli/

of or relating to or consisting of a quarter

From this reading “Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

artistnounUS /ˈɑːrtəst/

a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

awaitingverbUS /əˈweɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “await” — look forward to the probable occurrence of

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

bachelornounUS /ˈbætʃələr/

a man who has never been married

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

Cardot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

chocnosoff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

chouette

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

complicateverbUS /ˈkɑːmpləkeɪt/

make more complicated

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

cumnounUS /kʌm/

the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

devisingnounUS /dɪˈvaɪzɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

dignitate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

earningsnounUS /ˈɜːrnɪŋz/

the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

economiesnounUS /ɪˈkɑːnəmiz/

plural of “economy” — the system of production and distribution and consumption

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

finishedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪnɪʃt/

(of materials or goods) brought to the desired final state

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

fortunateadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənət/

having unexpected good fortune

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

Fougeres

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

francsnounUS /fræŋks/

plural of “franc” — the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 centimes

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

Havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

imposingadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ/

impressive in appearance

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

IncapableadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/

(followed by “of”) lacking capacity or ability

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

incomenounUS /ˈɪnkʌm/

the financial gain (earned or unearned) accruing over a given period of time

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

increasingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/

becoming greater or larger

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

investedverbUS /ˌɪnˈvestəd/

past form of “invest” — make an investment

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

Koxnoff

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

mortgagenounUS /ˈmɔːrɡədʒ/

a conditional conveyance of property as security for the repayment of a loan

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

notarynounUS /ˈnoʊtəri/

someone legally empowered to witness signatures and certify a document's validity and to take depositions

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

ohnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

otium

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

paintverbUS /peɪnt/

make a painting

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

painternounUS /ˈpeɪntər/

an artist who paints

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

paymentsnounUS /ˈpeɪmənts/

plural of “payment” — a sum of money paid or a claim discharged

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

picturesnounUS /ˈpɪktʃərz/

plural of “picture” — a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

PooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

propertynounUS /ˈprɑːpərti/

something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

quarterlyadjectiveUS /ˈkwɔːrtərli/

of or relating to or consisting of a quarter

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Incapable of devising any means of increasing his little fortune, he carried, every three months, to his notary, Cardot, his quarterly earnings and economies.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

toilverbUS /tɔɪl/

work hard

From this reading Having lived all his life in toil and poverty, he had never had the time to love.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Poor and a bachelor, until now he did not desire to complicate his simple life.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When the notary had received about three thousand francs he invested them in some first mortgage, the interest of which he drew himself and added to the quarterly payments made to him by Fougeres.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The painter was awaiting the fortunate moment when his property thus laid by would give him the imposing income of two thousand francs, to allow himself the otium cum dignitate of the artist and paint pictures; but oh! what pictures! true pictures! each a finished picture! chouette, Koxnoff, chocnosoff!

Chapter 2 of Pierre Grassou by Honoré de Balzac holds 200 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Pierre Grassou contain?

Chapter 2 holds 200 sentences of Pierre Grassou, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Pierre Grassou by Honoré de Balzac exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 200 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Pierre Grassou?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Pierre Grassou

Common questions about reading Pierre Grassou by Honoré de Balzac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Pierre Grassou?

Yes. All 417 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1230 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Pierre Grassou is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1230, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Pierre Grassou take to read?

About 34 minutes of reading across 84 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Pierre Grassou section by section

How to work through Pierre Grassou section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of Pierre Grassou to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Pierre Grassou

Words and structures a reader meets early in Pierre Grassou, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Lieutenant-colonel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pierre Grassou; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Artillery
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pierre Grassou; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Periollas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pierre Grassou; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Testimony
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pierre Grassou; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.