Chapter III

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the right to enter

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

the second largest continent; located to the south of Europe and bordered to the west by the South Atlantic and to the east by the Indian Ocean

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

later than; following

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

a member of a Semitic people originally from the Arabian peninsula and surrounding territories who speaks Arabic and who inhabits much of the Middle East and northern Africa

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

the 2nd largest ocean; separates North and South America on the west from Europe and Africa on the east

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

harass with persistent criticism or carping

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

gum resin used especially in treating skin irritation

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

the two together, not just one

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

any tropical Asian palm of the genus Calamus; light tough stems are a source of rattan canes

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

an island in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of India

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

aromatic bark used as a spice

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

travel around, either by plane or ship

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

plural of “clove” — aromatic flower bud of a clove tree; yields a spice

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

containing errors or alterations

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

the act of discovering something

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

possessive form of “dragon” — a creature of Teutonic mythology; usually represented as breathing fire and having a reptilian body and sometimes wings

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

a republic in northeastern Africa known as the United Arab Republic until 1971; site of an ancient civilization that flourished from 2600 to 30 BC

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

to travel for the purpose of discovery

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

plural of “explorer” — someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

set up or found

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

obtain

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

a native or resident of Genoa

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

plural of “greek” — the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

a former British gold coin worth 21 shillings

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

plural of “gum” — a preparation (usually made of sweetened chicle) for chewing

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

urged or forced to action through moral pressure

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

a republic in the Asian subcontinent in southern Asia; second most populous country in the world; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

plural of “island” — a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

an island in Indonesia to the south of Borneo; one of the world's most densely populated regions

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

take somebody somewhere

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the activity of leading

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

stem of the rattan palm used for making canes and umbrella handles

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

a group of island in eastern Indonesia between Celebes and New Guinea; settled by the Portuguese but taken by the Dutch who made them the center for a spice monopoly, at which time they were known as Spice Islands

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

used to form the superlative

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

East Indian tree widely cultivated in the tropics for its aromatic seed; source of two spices: nutmeg and mace

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

on one occasion

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

the largest ocean in the world

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

add pepper to

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

plural of “perfume” — a distinctive odor that is pleasant

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the Romance language spoken in Portugal and Brazil

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

unusual or striking

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

any of a class of solid or semisolid viscous substances obtained either as exudations from certain plants or prepared by polymerization of simple molecules

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

an established line of travel or access

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

close-grained fragrant yellowish heartwood of the true sandalwood; has insect repelling properties and is used for carving and cabinetwork

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

plural of “seaman” — a man who serves as a sailor

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

plural of “spaniard” — a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

plural of “spice” — aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

not in physical motion

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

a vanilla-scented resin from various trees of the genus Styrax

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

a mountainous island in western Indonesia

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

having a natural fragrance

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the act of dressing and preparing yourself

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

relating to or situated in or characteristic of the tropics (the region on either side of the equator)

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

not discovered

From this reading And having reached India, Ceylon, Sumatra and Malacca, the Portuguese found that the most precious of all spices (cloves and nutmeg) still lay in undiscovered regions to the East--the Maluk or Muluk Islands, as they were called by Arab seamen: a name afterwards corrupted to Moluccas.

not bound by shackles and chains

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

a resident of Venice

From this reading The search for an Atlantic route to India and China impelled Spaniards and English, under Genoese and Venetian leadership, to discover Tropical and North America.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was to reach pepper-and-spice-producing regions that the Portuguese (and after them the English) were drawn into the exploration of the Guinea coast; and that the Portuguese felt impelled to circumnavigate Africa, so as to gain unfettered access to the commerce of India.

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Spanish and Portuguese Explorers lead the Way to the Pacific Ocean It is remarkable what a bait to the European in discovery have been both spices and strong perfumes, once so popular in cookery and in the toilette.

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading The Romans and Greeks were drawn through Egypt to the Indian trade by the pepper and cinnamon of India and Ceylon, by the sweet-smelling woods and gums of India and Further India--sandalwood, eaglewood, benzoin, storax, dragon's blood from the Calamus palm, rasamala--the resin from a liquid-amber tree of Java.