Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Pioneers in Canada
Pioneers in Canada

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Pioneers in Canada is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Pioneers in Canada
Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.
First came the British, led by an Italian pilot.
They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.
Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.
A Spanish expedition under a Portuguese leader shortly afterwards reached the coast of New Brunswick.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Pioneers in Canada

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Pioneers in Canada is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.
/ðə ˈhʌdsən beɪ ɪkˈsplɔːrərz ənd ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈkɑːŋkwest ʌv ɔːl ˈkænədə ɪn ə ˈdʒenərəl weɪ ðə dɪˈskʌvəri ʌv ðə meɪn ˈfiːtʃərz ʌv ðə væst kəˈneɪdiən dəˈmɪnjən meɪ biː ðʌs əˈpɔːrʃənd əˈmʌŋst ðə ˈdɪfərənt ˌjʊrəˈpiːən ˈneɪʃənz/
Line 2
First came the British, led by an Italian pilot.
/fɜːrst keɪm ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ led baɪ æn ˌɪˈtæljən ˈpaɪlət/
Line 3
They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.
Line 4
Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.
Line 5
A Spanish expedition under a Portuguese leader shortly afterwards reached the coast of New Brunswick.
/ə ˈspænɪʃ ˌekspəˈdɪʃən ˈʌndər ə ˈpɔːrtʃəɡiːz ˈliːdər ˈʃɔːrtli ˈæftərwərdz riːtʃt ðə koʊst ʌv nuː ˈbrʌnzwɪk/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apportioned adjective US /əˈpɔːrʃənd/

given out in portions

From this reading “The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.”

Breton noun US /ˈbretən/

a native or inhabitant of Brittany (especially one who speaks the Breton language)

From this reading “They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.”

Brunswick noun US /ˈbrʌnzwɪk/

a university town in southwestern Maine

From this reading “A Spanish expedition under a Portuguese leader shortly afterwards reached the coast of New Brunswick.”

Explorers noun US /ɪkˈsplɔːrərz/

plural of “explorer” — someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)

From this reading “The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.”

Labrador noun US /ˈlæbrədɔːr/

the mainland part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in the eastern part of the large Labrador-Ungava Peninsula in northeastern Canada

From this reading “Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.”

Newfoundland noun US /ˈnuːfəndlənd/

a breed of very large heavy dogs with a thick coarse usually black coat; highly intelligent dogs and vigorous swimmers; developed in Newfoundland

From this reading “They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.”

north-east adverb US /ˌnɔːrˈθiːst/

to, toward, or in the northeast

From this reading “Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.”

Nova noun US /ˈnoʊvə/

a star that ejects some of its material in the form of a cloud and becomes more luminous in the process

From this reading “They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading A Spanish expedition under a Portuguese leader shortly afterwards reached the coast of New Brunswick.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

amongstprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋst/

surrounded by; in the company of

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading First came the British, led by an Italian pilot.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

apportionedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔːrʃənd/

given out in portions

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

BaynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

BretonnounUS /ˈbretən/

a native or inhabitant of Brittany (especially one who speaks the Breton language)

From this reading They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

BrunswicknounUS /ˈbrʌnzwɪk/

a university town in southwestern Maine

From this reading A Spanish expedition under a Portuguese leader shortly afterwards reached the coast of New Brunswick.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading First came the British, led by an Italian pilot.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading First came the British, led by an Italian pilot.

CanadanounUS /ˈkænədə/

a nation in northern North America; the French were the first Europeans to settle in mainland Canada

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

CanadianadjectiveUS /kəˈneɪdiən/

of or relating to Canada or its people

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

CapenounUS /keɪp/

a strip of land projecting into a body of water

From this reading They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.

captainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

ConquestnounUS /ˈkɑːŋkwest/

the act of conquering

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.

discoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

DominionnounUS /dəˈmɪnjən/

dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

EuropeannounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

ExplorersnounUS /ɪkˈsplɔːrərz/

plural of “explorer” — someone who travels into little known regions (especially for some scientific purpose)

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading First came the British, led by an Italian pilot.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

HudsonnounUS /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

IslandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.

ItaliannounUS /ˌɪˈtæljən/

a native or inhabitant of Italy

From this reading First came the British, led by an Italian pilot.

LabradornounUS /ˈlæbrədɔːr/

the mainland part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador in the eastern part of the large Labrador-Ungava Peninsula in northeastern Canada

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

leadernounUS /ˈliːdər/

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading A Spanish expedition under a Portuguese leader shortly afterwards reached the coast of New Brunswick.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading First came the British, led by an Italian pilot.

mainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

nationsnounUS /ˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading A Spanish expedition under a Portuguese leader shortly afterwards reached the coast of New Brunswick.

NewfoundlandnounUS /ˈnuːfəndlənd/

a breed of very large heavy dogs with a thick coarse usually black coat; highly intelligent dogs and vigorous swimmers; developed in Newfoundland

From this reading They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.

north-eastadverbUS /ˌnɔːrˈθiːst/

to, toward, or in the northeast

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

NovanounUS /ˈnoʊvə/

a star that ejects some of its material in the form of a cloud and becomes more luminous in the process

From this reading They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

pilotverbUS /ˈpaɪlət/

operate an airplane

From this reading First came the British, led by an Italian pilot.

PortuguesenounUS /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡiːz/

the Romance language spoken in Portugal and Brazil

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

Scotia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.

shortlyadverbUS /ˈʃɔːrtli/

for a short time

From this reading A Spanish expedition under a Portuguese leader shortly afterwards reached the coast of New Brunswick.

southernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading A Spanish expedition under a Portuguese leader shortly afterwards reached the coast of New Brunswick.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They discovered Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The Hudson Bay Explorers and the British Conquest of all Canada In a general way the discovery of the main features of the vast Canadian Dominion may be thus apportioned amongst the different European nations.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Then came the Portuguese, who discovered the north-east of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador, while a French expedition under an Italian captain reached to Nova Scotia and southern Newfoundland.

Chapter 8 of Pioneers in Canada by Harry Johnston holds 93 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Pioneers in Canada contain?

Chapter 8 holds 93 sentences of Pioneers in Canada, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Pioneers in Canada by Harry Johnston exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 93 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Pioneers in Canada?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Pioneers in Canada

Common questions about reading Pioneers in Canada by Harry Johnston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Pioneers in Canada?

Yes. All 3601 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13003 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Pioneers in Canada is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13003, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Pioneers in Canada take to read?

About 300 minutes of reading across 721 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Pioneers in Canada section by section

How to work through Pioneers in Canada section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Pioneers in Canada to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Pioneers in Canada

Words and structures a reader meets early in Pioneers in Canada, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

White
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pioneers in Canada; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Man's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pioneers in Canada; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Discovery
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pioneers in Canada; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
North
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Pioneers in Canada; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.