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Plotting in pirate seas
Plotting in pirate seas

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Plotting in pirate seas is here in full — 206 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/41 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.
Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.
That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.
Certainly the Cuban was no coward.
But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Plotting in pirate seas

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Plotting in pirate seas is here in full — 206 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/41 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.
Line 2
Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.
/ˈsʌmwer bæk ɪn hɪz ˈspænɪʃ ˈænsestri hæd bɪn ə ˈsɪŋɡəl drɑːp ʌv æn ˈaɪrɪʃ streɪn ˈædɪŋ ə ˈsɜːrtən kəmˈbætɪvnəs tuː ðə ˈɡæləntri ʌv hɪz reɪs/
Line 3
That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.
/ðæt drɑːp tuː mɪkst ˈbædli wɪð ˈspænɪʃ ˈtretʃ.ər.i ənd meɪd hɪm ˈdʌbli ˈdeɪndʒərəs/
Line 4
Certainly the Cuban was no coward.
/ˈsɜːrtənli ðə ˈkjuːbən wɑːz noʊ ˈkaʊərd/
Line 5
But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ancestry noun US /ˈænsestri/

the descendants of one individual

From this reading “Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.”

combativeness noun US /kəmˈbætɪvnəs/

a militant aggressiveness

From this reading “Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.”

Cuban adjective US /ˈkjuːbən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Cuba or the people of Cuba

From this reading “Certainly the Cuban was no coward.”

dungeons noun US /ˈdʌndʒənz/

plural of “dungeon” — the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress

From this reading “But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.”

floors noun US /flɔːrz/

plural of “floor” — the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading “But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.”

murk noun US /mɜːrk/

an atmosphere in which visibility is reduced because of a cloud of some substance

From this reading “But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.”

rotting noun US /ˈrɑːtɪŋ/

(biology) the process of decay caused by bacterial or fungal action

From this reading “But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.”

undermined verb US /ˌʌndərˈmaɪnd/

past form of “undermine” — destroy property or hinder normal operations

From this reading “But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

addingverbUS /ˈædɪŋ/

-ing form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

ancestrynounUS /ˈænsestri/

the descendants of one individual

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

badlyadverbUS /ˈbædli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

CertainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Certainly the Cuban was no coward.

chambersnounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbərz/

English architect (1723-1796)

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

chillnounUS /tʃɪl/

coldness due to a cold environment

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

CHRISTOPHE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.

combativenessnounUS /kəmˈbætɪvnəs/

a militant aggressiveness

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

cowardnounUS /ˈkaʊərd/

a person who shows fear or timidity

From this reading THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.

CubanadjectiveUS /ˈkjuːbən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Cuba or the people of Cuba

From this reading Certainly the Cuban was no coward.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

doublyadverbUS /ˈdʌbli/

to double the degree

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

dropverbUS /drɑːp/

let fall to the ground

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

dungeonsnounUS /ˈdʌndʒənz/

plural of “dungeon” — the main tower within the walls of a medieval castle or fortress

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

floorsnounUS /flɔːrz/

plural of “floor” — the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

gallantrynounUS /ˈɡæləntri/

the qualities of a hero or heroine; exceptional or heroic courage when facing danger (especially in battle)

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

GHOSTnounUS /ɡoʊst/

a mental representation of some haunting experience

From this reading THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

IrishnounUS /ˈaɪrɪʃ/

people of Ireland or of Irish extraction

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

Manuel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

mixedadjectiveUS /mɪkst/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

murknounUS /mɜːrk/

an atmosphere in which visibility is reduced because of a cloud of some substance

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.

oubliettes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

rottingnounUS /ˈrɑːtɪŋ/

(biology) the process of decay caused by bacterial or fungal action

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

SomewhereadverbUS /ˈsʌmwer/

in or at or to some place

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

strainnounUS /streɪn/

(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Somewhere, back in his Spanish ancestry, had been a single drop of an Irish strain, adding a certain combativeness to the gallantry of his race.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

treacherynounUS /ˈtretʃ.ər.i/

Betrayal of trust; deceptive action or disloyalty against a host or ally.

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

underminedverbUS /ˌʌndərˈmaɪnd/

past form of “undermine” — destroy property or hinder normal operations

From this reading But, as he came out from the murk of those chambers with their rotting floors, many of them undermined by oubliettes and dungeons, he felt a chill of fear.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE GHOST OF CHRISTOPHE Manuel was no coward.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading That drop, too, mixed badly with Spanish treachery, and made him doubly dangerous.

Chapter 4 of Plotting in pirate seas by Francis Rolt-Wheeler holds 206 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Plotting in pirate seas contain?

Chapter 4 holds 206 sentences of Plotting in pirate seas, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Plotting in pirate seas by Francis Rolt-Wheeler exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 206 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Plotting in pirate seas?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Plotting in pirate seas

Common questions about reading Plotting in pirate seas by Francis Rolt-Wheeler on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Plotting in pirate seas?

Yes. All 3424 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #22033 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Plotting in pirate seas is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #22033, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Plotting in pirate seas take to read?

About 285 minutes of reading across 685 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Plotting in pirate seas

Words and structures a reader meets early in Plotting in pirate seas, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Round
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Plotting in pirate seas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Plotting in pirate seas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Journalists
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Plotting in pirate seas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Plotting in pirate seas; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.