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Poems of American History
Poems of American History

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Poems of American History is here in full — 635 sentences across 127 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/127 · 5 lines
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THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.
True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.
In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.
THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."
Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Poems of American History

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Poems of American History is here in full — 635 sentences across 127 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/127 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.
/ðə ˈkʌmɪŋ ʌv dɪskənˈtent ðə kloʊs ʌv ðə ˈstrʌɡəl wɪð ðə frentʃ fɔːr ðə pəˈzeʃən ʌv ðə ˈkɑːntənənt meɪ biː ˈferli sed tuː mɑːrk ðə bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ ʌv ðæt ˈsɪriz ʌv əˈɡreʃənz ɑːn ðə pɑːrt ʌv ˈɪŋɡlənd wɪtʃ ˈendəd ɪn ðə rɪˈvoʊlt ʌv hɜːr ˈkɑːləniz/
Line 2
True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.
/truː ðer hæd bɪn bɪˈfɔːr ðæt ˈɑːrbətreri ənd tərˈænɪkəl ˈrɔɪəl ˈɡʌvərnərz ənd əbˈsɜːrdli pərˈvɜːrs ˌeˈnæktmənts ɑːn ðə pɑːrt ʌv ðə lɔːrdz ʌv treɪd bʌt nɑːt ənˈtɪl ðə frentʃ ˈtrʌbəlz hæd bɪn dɪˈspoʊzd ʌv dɪd ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈɡʌvərmənt bend ɪts ˈenərdʒiz ˈsɪriəsli tuː ˈreɡjəleɪtɪŋ ðə əˈferz ʌv ə ˈpiːpəl wɪtʃ ɪt kənˈsɪdərd ˈfrækʃəs ənd ˈtɜːrbjələnt/
Line 3
In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.
Line 4
THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."
Line 5
Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aggressions noun US /əˈɡreʃənz/

plural of “aggression” — a disposition to behave aggressively

From this reading “THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.”

America's noun US /əˈmerəkəz/

possessive form of “america” — North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading “Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?”

Britain's noun US /ˈbrɪtənz/

possessive form of “britain” — a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; “Great Britain” is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom

From this reading “THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."”

enactments noun US /ˌeˈnæktmənts/

plural of “enactment” — the passing of a law by a legislative body

From this reading “True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.”

fractious adjective US /ˈfrækʃəs/

stubbornly resistant to authority or control

From this reading “True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.”

governors noun US /ˈɡʌvərnərz/

plural of “governor” — the head of a state government

From this reading “True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.”

regulating noun US /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪŋ/

the act of controlling or directing according to rule

From this reading “True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.”

tyrannical adjective US /tərˈænɪkəl/

marked by unjust severity or arbitrary behavior

From this reading “True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

blood flows noun + noun counted as “blood flow”

In this reading “Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?”

grow fat verb + adjective

In this reading “Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?”

struggle with verb + particle

In this reading “THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.”

great guns adjective + noun counted as “great gun”

In this reading “THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."”

fight for verb + particle

In this reading “THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."”

on the part preposition + article + noun counted as “on … part”

In this reading “THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.”

All words in this reading · 144

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1766

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

absurdadjectiveUS /əbˈsɜːrd/

inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

absurdlyadverbUS /əbˈsɜːrdli/

in an absurd manner or to an absurd degree

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

affectionateadjectiveUS /əˈfekʃənət/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

aggressionsnounUS /əˈɡreʃənz/

plural of “aggression” — a disposition to behave aggressively

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

America'snounUS /əˈmerəkəz/

possessive form of “america” — North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

arbitraryadjectiveUS /ˈɑːrbətreri/

based on or subject to individual discretion or preference or sometimes impulse or caprice

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

bendverbUS /bend/

form a curve

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

Britain'snounUS /ˈbrɪtənz/

possessive form of “britain” — a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; “Great Britain” is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

coloniesnounUS /ˈkɑːləniz/

plural of “colony” — a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

COMINGnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

consciousadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnʃəs/

intentionally conceived

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

continentnounUS /ˈkɑːntənənt/

one of the large landmasses of the earth

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

copiesnounUS /ˈkɑːpiz/

plural of “copy” — a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

denyverbUS /dɪˈnaɪ/

declare untrue; contradict

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

DISCONTENTnounUS /dɪskənˈtent/

a longing for something better than the present situation

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

disposedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspoʊzd/

having made preparations

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

drawnadjectiveUS /drɔːn/

showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

enactmentsnounUS /ˌeˈnæktmənts/

plural of “enactment” — the passing of a law by a legislative body

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

endedadjectiveUS /ˈendəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

energiesnounUS /ˈenərdʒiz/

plural of “energy” — (physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

fairlyadverbUS /ˈferli/

to certain extent or degree

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

fatadjectiveUS /fæt/

having an (over)abundance of flesh

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

feastnounUS /fiːst/

a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

flowsnounUS /floʊz/

plural of “flow” — the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

fondadjectiveUS /fɑːnd/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

fractiousadjectiveUS /ˈfrækʃəs/

stubbornly resistant to authority or control

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

FreedomnounUS /ˈfriːdəm/

the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

GazettenounUS /ɡəˈzet/

a newspaper or official journal

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

governorsnounUS /ˈɡʌvərnərz/

plural of “governor” — the head of a state government

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

HeartsnounUS /hɑːrts/

a form of whist in which players avoid winning tricks containing hearts or the queen of spades

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

husbandnounUS /ˈhʌzbənd/

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

islenounUS /aɪl/

a small island

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

LordsnounUS /lɔːrdz/

plural of “lord” — terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

lovesnounUS /lʌvz/

plural of “love” — a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

markverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

numerousadjectiveUS /ˈnuːmərəs/

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

OaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

OrconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

perverseadjectiveUS /pərˈvɜːrs/

marked by a disposition to oppose and contradict

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

regulatingnounUS /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪŋ/

the act of controlling or directing according to rule

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

revoltnounUS /rɪˈvoʊlt/

organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

régime

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

seriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

seriouslyadverbUS /ˈsɪriəsli/

in a serious manner

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

SinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

SONGnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

songsnounUS /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

steadyverbUS /ˈstedi/

make steady

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

subjectsnounUS /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/

plural of “subject” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

SureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

ThanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

ThonounUS /ðoʊ/

a branch of the Tai languages

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

TradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

troublesnounUS /ˈtrʌbəlz/

plural of “trouble” — a source of difficulty

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

TrueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

turbulentadjectiveUS /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

characterized by unrest or disorder or insubordination

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

tyrannicaladjectiveUS /tərˈænɪkəl/

marked by unjust severity or arbitrary behavior

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading True there had been before that arbitrary and tyrannical royal governors, and absurdly perverse enactments on the part of the Lords of Trade; but not until the French troubles had been disposed of did the British government bend its energies seriously to regulating the affairs of a people which it considered fractious and turbulent.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

veinnounUS /veɪn/

a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

VirginianounUS /vərˈdʒɪnjə/

a state in the eastern United States; one of the original 13 colonies; one of the Confederate States in the American Civil War

From this reading In the _Virginia Gazette_ for May 2, 1766, appeared one of the first of those songs, afterwards so numerous, which expressed the discontent of the colonies under this régime.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

we're

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

who's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading THE VIRGINIA SONG [May 2, 1766] Sure never was picture drawn more to the life, Or affectionate husband more fond of his wife, Than America copies and loves Britain's sons, Who, conscious of Freedom, are bold as great guns, "Hearts of Oak are we still, for we're sons of those men Who always are ready, steady, boys, steady, To fight for their freedom again and again."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE COMING OF DISCONTENT The close of the struggle with the French for the possession of the continent may be fairly said to mark the beginning of that series of aggressions on the part of England which ended in the revolt of her colonies.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Tho' we feast and grow fat on America's soil, Yet we own ourselves subjects of Britain's fair isle; And who's so absurd to deny us the name, Since true British blood flows in every vein?

Chapter 20 of Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson holds 635 sentences, grouped into 127 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Poems of American History contain?

Chapter 20 holds 635 sentences of Poems of American History, unabridged, divided into 127 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 635 sentences, grouped into 127 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Poems of American History?

Work through the 127 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 127 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Poems of American History

Common questions about reading Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Poems of American History?

Yes. All 19183 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47476 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Poems of American History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47476, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Poems of American History take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3837 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Poems of American History section by section

How to work through Poems of American History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of Poems of American History to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Poems of American History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Poems of American History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dutch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amsterdam
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hudson's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.