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Poems of American History
Poems of American History

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Poems of American History is here in full — 819 sentences across 164 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/163 · 5 lines
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THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.
Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.
The suggestion was at once adopted.
Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.
When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Poems of American History

Chapter XXI

Chapter 21 of Poems of American History is here in full — 819 sentences across 164 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/163 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.
/ðə ˈkɑːlənɪsts teɪk ðə əˈfensɪv ə ˈrʌstɪk ˈɑːrmi ʌv ˈnɪrli ˈtwenti ˈθaʊzənd men ˈkwɪkli ˈɡæðərd əˈbaʊt ˈbɑːstən tuː bɪˈsiːdʒ ɡeɪdʒ ðer bʌt ɪts ˈwɔːrlaɪk ˈspɪrət ræn tuː haɪ tuː biː kənˈtentəd wɪð ˈpæsɪv ənd dɪˈfensɪv ˈmeʒərz/
Line 2
Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.
/ˈbenədɪkt ˈɑːrnəld səˈdʒestɪd ðæt ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz biː sent əˈɡenst ðə ˈfɔːrtrəsɪz æt taɪˌkɑːndərˈoʊɡə ənd kraʊn pɔɪnt wɪtʃ kəˈmændɪd ðə ˈnɔːrðərn əˈproʊtʃ tuː ðə ˈhʌdsən ənd wɜːr ʌv ɡreɪt strəˈtiːdʒɪk ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/
Line 3
The suggestion was at once adopted.
/ðə səˈdʒestʃən wɑːz æt wʌns əˈdɑːptɪd/
Line 4
Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.
/ˈɑːrnəld wɑːz kriˈeɪtəd ˈkɜːrnəl ənd set aʊt tuː reɪz ə ˈredʒəmənt əˈmʌŋ ðə ˈbɜːrkʃər hɪlz/
Line 5
When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Benedict noun US /ˈbenədɪkt/

United States anthropologist (1887-1948)

From this reading “Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.”

Berkshire noun US /ˈbɜːrkʃər/

a county in southern England

From this reading “Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.”

besiege verb US /bɪˈsiːdʒ/

surround so as to force to give up

From this reading “THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.”

fortresses noun US /ˈfɔːrtrəsɪz/

plural of “fortress” — a fortified defensive structure

From this reading “Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.”

Gage noun US /ɡeɪdʒ/

street names for marijuana

From this reading “THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.”

strategic adjective US /strəˈtiːdʒɪk/

relating to or concerned with strategy

From this reading “Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.”

Ticonderoga noun US /taɪˌkɑːndərˈoʊɡə/

a pitched battle in which American revolutionary troops captured Fort Ticonderoga from the British in 1775

From this reading “Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.”

Vermonters noun US /vərˈmɑːntərz/

plural of “vermonter” — a native or resident of Vermont

From this reading “When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

twenty thousand noun + noun

In this reading “THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “The suggestion was at once adopted.”

set out verb + adjective

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

In this reading “Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.”

thousand men noun + noun

In this reading “THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.”

too high adverb + adjective

In this reading “THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.”

arrived there verb + particle counted as “arrive there”

In this reading “When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.”

started for verb + particle counted as “start for”

In this reading “When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

adoptedadjectiveUS /əˈdɑːptɪd/

acquired as your own by free choice

From this reading The suggestion was at once adopted.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

AllennounUS /ˈælən/

United States comedienne remembered as the confused but imperturbable partner of her husband, George Burns (1906-1964)

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

ArnoldnounUS /ˈɑːrnəld/

English poet and literary critic (1822-1888)

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

BenedictnounUS /ˈbenədɪkt/

United States anthropologist (1887-1948)

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

BerkshirenounUS /ˈbɜːrkʃər/

a county in southern England

From this reading Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.

besiegeverbUS /bɪˈsiːdʒ/

surround so as to force to give up

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

BostonnounUS /ˈbɑːstən/

state capital and largest city of Massachusetts; a major center for banking and financial services

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

colonelnounUS /ˈkɜːrnəl/

a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines who ranks above a lieutenant colonel and below a brigadier general

From this reading Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.

COLONISTSnounUS /ˈkɑːlənɪsts/

plural of “colonist” — a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

commandedverbUS /kəˈmændɪd/

past form of “command” — be in command of

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

contentedadjectiveUS /kənˈtentəd/

satisfied or showing satisfaction with things as they are

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

createdverbUS /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.

CrownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

defensiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈfensɪv/

intended or appropriate for defending against or deterring aggression or attack

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

Ethan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

expeditionsnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “expedition” — a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

fortressesnounUS /ˈfɔːrtrəsɪz/

plural of “fortress” — a fortified defensive structure

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

GagenounUS /ɡeɪdʒ/

street names for marijuana

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

HillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.

HudsonnounUS /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

measuresnounUS /ˈmeʒərz/

plural of “measure” — any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

OFFENSIVEadjectiveUS /əˈfensɪv/

violating or tending to violate or offend against

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading The suggestion was at once adopted.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.

passiveadjectiveUS /ˈpæsɪv/

lacking in energy or will

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

PointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

quicklyadverbUS /ˈkwɪkli/

with speed

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

raiseverbUS /reɪz/

raise the level or amount of something

From this reading Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

regimentverbUS /ˈredʒəmənt/

subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization

From this reading Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.

rusticadjectiveUS /ˈrʌstɪk/

characteristic of rural life

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Arnold was created colonel and set out to raise a regiment among the Berkshire Hills.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

strategicadjectiveUS /strəˈtiːdʒɪk/

relating to or concerned with strategy

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

suggestedverbUS /səˈdʒestɪd/

past form of “suggest” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

suggestionnounUS /səˈdʒestʃən/

an idea that is suggested

From this reading The suggestion was at once adopted.

TAKEverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

TiconderoganounUS /taɪˌkɑːndərˈoʊɡə/

a pitched battle in which American revolutionary troops captured Fort Ticonderoga from the British in 1775

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

VermontersnounUS /vərˈmɑːntərz/

plural of “vermonter” — a native or resident of Vermont

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

warlikeadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːrlaɪk/

disposed to warfare or hard-line policies

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The suggestion was at once adopted.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When he arrived there, he found that Ethan Allen had already raised a force of Vermonters and started for Ticonderoga.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Benedict Arnold suggested that expeditions be sent against the fortresses at Ticonderoga and Crown Point, which commanded the northern approach to the Hudson and were of great strategic importance.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE COLONISTS TAKE THE OFFENSIVE A rustic army of nearly twenty thousand men quickly gathered about Boston to besiege Gage there; but its warlike spirit ran too high to be contented with passive and defensive measures.

Chapter 21 of Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson holds 819 sentences, grouped into 164 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Poems of American History contain?

Chapter 21 holds 819 sentences of Poems of American History, unabridged, divided into 164 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 819 sentences, grouped into 164 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Poems of American History?

Work through the 164 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 164 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Poems of American History

Common questions about reading Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Poems of American History?

Yes. All 19183 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47476 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Poems of American History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47476, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Poems of American History take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3837 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Poems of American History section by section

How to work through Poems of American History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of Poems of American History to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Poems of American History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Poems of American History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dutch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amsterdam
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hudson's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.