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Poems of American History
Poems of American History

Chapter XXV

Chapter 25 of Poems of American History is here in full — 1714 sentences across 343 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.
The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.
In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.
A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.
New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Poems of American History

Chapter XXV

Chapter 25 of Poems of American History is here in full — 1714 sentences across 343 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/342 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.
Line 2
The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.
/ðə ˈkʌntri wɑːz æt ðə vɜːrdʒ ʌv ˈbæŋkrəpsi ðer wɑːz dɪskənˈtent ˈevriwer/
Line 3
In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.
/ɪn ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts ðə ˌmælkənˈtents faʊnd ə ˈliːdər ɪn ˈdænjəl ʃeɪz roʊz ɪn rɪˈbeljən ˈluːtəd ðə ˈkʌntri ənd wɜːr nɑːt dɪˈspɜːrst fɔːr ˈnɪrli ə jɪr/
Line 4
A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.
Line 5
New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.
/nuː lɔːz ənd nuː ˈtʃɑːrtərz ˈaʊər bʊks ʃæl dɪˈspleɪ kəmˈpoʊzd baɪ kənˈvenʃənz ənd ˈkaʊnsələr ɡreɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bankruptcy noun US /ˈbæŋkrəpsi/

a state of complete lack of some abstract property

From this reading “The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.”

Bunkers noun US /ˈbʌŋkərz/

plural of “bunker” — a hazard on a golf course

From this reading “A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.”

charters noun US /ˈtʃɑːrtərz/

plural of “charter” — a document incorporating an institution and specifying its rights; includes the articles of incorporation and the certificate of incorporation

From this reading “New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.”

Constitutions noun US /ˌkɑːnstɪˈtuːʃənz/

plural of “constitution” — law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading “A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.”

conventions noun US /kənˈvenʃənz/

plural of “convention” — a large formal assembly

From this reading “New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.”

looted adjective US /ˈluːtəd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading “In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.”

malcontents noun US /ˌmælkənˈtents/

plural of “malcontent” — a person who is discontented or disgusted

From this reading “In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.”

Shays noun US /ʃeɪz/

plural of “shay” — a carriage consisting of two wheels and a calash top; drawn by a single horse

From this reading “In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

green boughs noun + noun counted as “green bough”

In this reading “A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.”

five years noun + noun

In this reading “THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.”

most critical adverb + adjective

In this reading “THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.”

pardon for verb + particle

In this reading “A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.”

for nearly preposition + adverb

In this reading “In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1783

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

1786

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.

bankruptcynounUS /ˈbæŋkrəpsi/

a state of complete lack of some abstract property

From this reading The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

boughsnounUS /baʊz/

plural of “bough” — any of the larger branches of a tree

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

bullynounUS /ˈbʊli/

a cruel and brutal fellow

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

BunkersnounUS /ˈbʌŋkərz/

plural of “bunker” — a hazard on a golf course

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

bushnounUS /bʊʃ/

a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

chartersnounUS /ˈtʃɑːrtərz/

plural of “charter” — a document incorporating an institution and specifying its rights; includes the articles of incorporation and the certificate of incorporation

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

ComposedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpoʊzd/

serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

ConstitutionsnounUS /ˌkɑːnstɪˈtuːʃənz/

plural of “constitution” — law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

conventionsnounUS /kənˈvenʃənz/

plural of “convention” — a large formal assembly

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

CounsellornounUS /ˈkaʊnsələr/

someone who has supervisory duties at a summer camp

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.

countynounUS /ˈkaʊnti/

(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

courtsnounUS /kɔːrts/

plural of “court” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

criticaladjectiveUS /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/

marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

DanielnounUS /ˈdænjəl/

(Old Testament) a youth who was taken into the court of Nebuchadnezzar and given divine protection when thrown into a den of lions (6th century BC)

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

DaynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

discontentnounUS /dɪskənˈtent/

a longing for something better than the present situation

From this reading The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.

dispersedadjectiveUS /dɪˈspɜːrst/

distributed or spread over a considerable extent

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

displaynounUS /dɪˈspleɪ/

something intended to communicate a particular impression

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

endedadjectiveUS /ˈendəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

everywhereadverbUS /ˈevriwer/

to or in any or all places

From this reading The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

GreyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

hatsnounUS /hæts/

plural of “hat” — headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

Here's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

Huzza

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

Jo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

ladsnounUS /lædz/

plural of “lad” — a boy or man

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

leadernounUS /ˈliːdər/

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

lootedadjectiveUS /ˈluːtəd/

wrongfully emptied or stripped of anything of value

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

malcontentsnounUS /ˌmælkənˈtents/

plural of “malcontent” — a person who is discontented or disgusted

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

MassachusettsnounUS /ˌmæsəˈtʃuːsəts/

a state in New England; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

NATIONnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

NEWadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

oathsnounUS /oʊðz/

plural of “oath” — profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

pardonverbUS /ˈpɑːrdən/

accept an excuse for

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

ParsonsnounUS /ˈpɑːrsənz/

United States sociologist (1902-1979)

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

PutverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

RADICALnounUS /ˈrædəkəl/

(chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

rebellionnounUS /rɪˈbeljən/

refusal to accept some authority or code or convention

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

renewverbUS /rɪˈnuː/

reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

rushverbUS /rʌʃ/

move hurridly

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading New laws and new charters our books shall display, Composed by conventions and Counsellor Grey.

ShaysnounUS /ʃeɪz/

plural of “shay” — a carriage consisting of two wheels and a calash top; drawn by a single horse

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

sirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

SONGnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

StopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

taxesnounUS /ˈtæksəz/

plural of “tax” — charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

triflesnounUS /ˈtraɪfəlz/

plural of “trifle” — a cold pudding made of layers of sponge cake spread with fruit or jelly; may be decorated with nuts, cream, or chocolate

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

vergenounUS /vɜːrdʒ/

a region marking a boundary

From this reading The country was at the verge of bankruptcy, there was discontent everywhere.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

we'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

WheelernounUS /ˈwiːlər/

Scottish archaeologist (1890-1976)

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading In Massachusetts, the malcontents found a leader in Daniel Shays, rose in rebellion, looted the country, and were not dispersed for nearly a year.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading THE NEW NATION The war was ended, but the five years following 1783 were perhaps the most critical in the history of the American people.

yieldverbUS /jiːld/

be the cause or source of

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading A RADICAL SONG OF 1786 Huzza, my Jo Bunkers! no taxes we'll pay; Here's a pardon for Wheeler, Shays, Parsons, and Day; Put green boughs in your hats, and renew the old cause; Stop the courts in each county, and bully the laws: Constitutions and oaths, sir, we mind not a rush; Such trifles must yield to us lads of the bush.

Chapter 25 of Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson holds 1714 sentences, grouped into 343 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 25 of Poems of American History contain?

Chapter 25 holds 1714 sentences of Poems of American History, unabridged, divided into 343 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 25 of Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 1714 sentences, grouped into 343 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 25 of Poems of American History?

Work through the 343 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 343 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 25 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 25 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Poems of American History

Common questions about reading Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Poems of American History?

Yes. All 19183 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47476 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Poems of American History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47476, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Poems of American History take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3837 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Poems of American History section by section

How to work through Poems of American History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of Poems of American History to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Poems of American History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Poems of American History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dutch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amsterdam
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hudson's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.