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Poems of American History
Poems of American History

Chapter XXXV

Chapter 35 of Poems of American History is here in full — 5059 sentences across 1012 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/1011 · 5 lines
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THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.
The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.
APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!
Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.
Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Poems of American History

Chapter XXXV

Chapter 35 of Poems of American History is here in full — 5059 sentences across 1012 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1011 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.
/ðə wɔːr wɪð speɪn fɔːr θriː ˈsentʃəriz ənd ə hæf speɪn held pəˈzeʃən ʌv ðə ˈaɪlənd ʌv ˈkjuːbə ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ʃiː hæd lɔːst lɔːŋ bɪˈfɔːr hɜːr pəˈzeʃənz ɪn nɔːrθ ənd saʊθ əˈmerəkə/
Line 2
The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.
Line 3
APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!
Line 4
Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.
Line 5
Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apostrophe noun US /əˈpɑːstrəfiː/

address to an absent or imaginary person

From this reading “APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!”

bled verb US /bled/

inflected form of “bleed” — lose blood from one's body

From this reading “Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.”

Cuba noun US /ˈkjuːbə/

a communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba

From this reading “THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.”

Cubans noun US /ˈkjuːbənz/

plural of “cuban” — a native or inhabitant of Cuba

From this reading “The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.”

galling adjective US /ˈɡɔːlɪŋ/

causing irritation or annoyance

From this reading “The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.”

gore verb US /ɡɔːr/

wound by piercing with a sharp or penetrating object or instrument

From this reading “Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.”

partake verb US /pɑːrˈteɪk/

have some of the qualities or attributes of something

From this reading “Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.”

spilt verb US /spɪlt/

inflected form of “spill” — cause or allow (a liquid substance) to run or flow from a container

From this reading “Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

openly expressed adverb + adjective

In this reading “The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.”

desolate shore adjective + noun

In this reading “APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!”

three centuries noun + noun counted as “three century”

In this reading “THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.”

For three preposition + noun

In this reading “THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1822

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

APOSTROPHEnounUS /əˈpɑːstrəfiː/

address to an absent or imaginary person

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

billowsnounUS /ˈbɪloʊz/

plural of “billow” — a large sea wave

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

bledverbUS /bled/

inflected form of “bleed” — lose blood from one's body

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

crimsoned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

CubanounUS /ˈkjuːbə/

a communist state in the Caribbean on the island of Cuba

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

CubansnounUS /ˈkjuːbənz/

plural of “cuban” — a native or inhabitant of Cuba

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

desiredadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪərd/

wanted intensely

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

desolateadjectiveUS /ˈdesələt/

providing no shelter or sustenance

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

dumbadjectiveUS /dʌm/

slow to learn or understand; lacking intellectual acuity

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

freedomnounUS /ˈfriːdəm/

the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

gallingadjectiveUS /ˈɡɔːlɪŋ/

causing irritation or annoyance

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

goreverbUS /ɡɔːr/

wound by piercing with a sharp or penetrating object or instrument

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

guiltnounUS /ɡɪlt/

the state of having committed an offense

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

islandnounUS /ˈaɪlənd/

a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

life-blood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

murderverbUS /ˈmɜːrdər/

kill intentionally and with premeditation

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

nationsnounUS /ˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

openlyadverbUS /ˈoʊpənli/

in an open way

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

partakeverbUS /pɑːrˈteɪk/

have some of the qualities or attributes of something

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

plundernounUS /ˈplʌn.dər/

Goods or treasure taken by force or theft, especially in war or banditry.

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

possessionsnounUS /pəˈzeʃənz/

plural of “possession” — the act of having and controlling property

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

purpled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

rainedverbUS /reɪnd/

past form of “rain” — precipitate as rain

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

slavesnounUS /sleɪvz/

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

SPAINnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

spiltverbUS /spɪlt/

inflected form of “spill” — cause or allow (a liquid substance) to run or flow from a container

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

stirredadjectiveUS /stɜːrd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

sympathynounUS /ˈsɪmpəθi/

an inclination to support or be loyal to or to agree with an opinion

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Thy hand was not stirred, when their life-blood was spilt; And therefore that hand must partake in the guilt.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

ThoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading APOSTROPHE TO THE ISLAND OF CUBA [November, 1822] There is blood on thy desolate shore, Thou island of plunder and slaves!

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

vengeancenounUS /ˈvendʒəns/

the act of taking revenge (harming someone in retaliation for something harmful that they have done) especially in the next life

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

WARnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

wavesnounUS /weɪvz/

plural of “wave” — one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading THE WAR WITH SPAIN For three centuries and a half, Spain held possession of the island of Cuba, although she had lost, long before, her possessions in North and South America.

wrathnounUS /ræθ/

intense anger (usually on an epic scale)

From this reading Thy billows are purpled with gore, And murder has crimsoned thy waves; The vengeance of nations will come, And wrath shall be rained on thy head, And in terror thy voice shall be dumb, When they ask for their brothers who bled.

yokenounUS /joʊk/

fabric comprising a fitted part at the top of a garment

From this reading The Cubans desired freedom, for the Spanish yoke was a galling one, and as early as 1822 sympathy with this desire was openly expressed in the United States.

Chapter 35 of Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson holds 5059 sentences, grouped into 1012 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 35 of Poems of American History contain?

Chapter 35 holds 5059 sentences of Poems of American History, unabridged, divided into 1012 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 35 of Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 5059 sentences, grouped into 1012 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 35 of Poems of American History?

Work through the 1012 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 1012 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 35 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 35 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Poems of American History

Common questions about reading Poems of American History by Burton Egbert [Editor] Stevenson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Poems of American History?

Yes. All 19183 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47476 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Poems of American History is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47476, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Poems of American History take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 3837 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Poems of American History section by section

How to work through Poems of American History section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of Poems of American History to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Poems of American History

Words and structures a reader meets early in Poems of American History, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dutch
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Amsterdam
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hudson's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems of American History; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.