Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol
Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.
8vo_).
_September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’
_Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.
_Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.
Line 2
8vo_).
Line 3
_September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’
Line 4
_Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.
Line 5
_Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Eleventh adjective US /ɪˈlevənθ/

coming next after the tenth and just before the twelfth in position

entirety noun US /ɪnˈtaɪərti/

the state of being total and complete

Handmade adjective US /ˈhændˈmeɪd/

made by hand or a hand process

From this reading “_First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.”

Ravenna noun US /rəˈvenə/

a battle between the French and an alliance of Spaniards and Swiss and Venetians in 1512

Sphinx noun US /sfɪŋks/

an inscrutable person who keeps his thoughts and intentions secret

Translations noun US /trænzˈleɪʃənz/

plural of “translation” — a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading “_Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.”

Uncollected adjective US /ənkəˈlektɪd/

not brought together in one place

From this reading “_Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.”

Wilde's noun US /waɪldz/

possessive form of “wilde” — Irish writer and wit (1854-1900)

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1878

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

1881

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

1882

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

1894

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

1898

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

1908

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

1909

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

1910

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

1911

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

1913

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

8

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 8vo_).

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

BalladnounUS /ˈbæləd/

a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

ConounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

collectionnounUS /kəˈlekʃən/

several things grouped together or considered as a whole

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

containsverbUS /kənˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

Désespoir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

EditionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

EditionsnounUS /ɪˈdɪʃənz/

plural of “edition” — the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

EighthadjectiveUS /eɪtθ/

coming next after the seventh and just before the ninth in position

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

EleventhadjectiveUS /ɪˈlevənθ/

coming next after the tenth and just before the twelfth in position

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

entiretynounUS /ɪnˈtaɪərti/

the state of being total and complete

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

F'cap

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

FifthnounUS /fɪfθ/

a quantity of liquor equal to one fifth of a United States gallon

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

Gaolnoun

a correctional institution used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government (either accused persons awaiting trial or convicted persons serving a sentence)

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

HandmadeadjectiveUS /ˈhændˈmeɪd/

made by hand or a hand process

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

includingverbUS /ˌɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “include” — have as a part, be made up out of

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

IssuedverbUS /ˈɪʃuːd/

past form of “issue” — prepare and issue for public distribution or sale

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

JapanesenounUS /ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/

a native or inhabitant of Japan

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

LimitedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪmətəd/

small in range or scope

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

manuscriptnounUS /ˈmæn.jə.skrɪpt/

A book, document, or piece of music written by hand rather than typed or printed.

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

Methuen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

NinthnounUS /naɪnθ/

position nine in a countable series of things

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

omittedverbUS /oʊˈmɪtəd/

inflected form of “omit” — prevent from being included or considered or accepted

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

PanverbUS /pæn/

make a sweeping movement

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

PapernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

PoemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

PolishnounUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

the property of being smooth and shiny

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

PublishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

RavennanounUS /rəˈvenə/

a battle between the French and an alliance of Spaniards and Swiss and Venetians in 1512

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

ReadingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

recentlyadverbUS /ˈriːsəntli/

in the recent past

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

SeventhadjectiveUS /ˈsevənθ/

coming next after the sixth and just before the eighth in position

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

SphinxnounUS /sfɪŋks/

an inscrutable person who keeps his thoughts and intentions secret

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

TenthnounUS /tenθ/

a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

TranslationsnounUS /trænzˈleɪʃənz/

plural of “translation” — a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

TwelfthadjectiveUS /twelfθ/

coming next after the eleventh and just before the thirteenth in position

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

TwonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

UncollectedadjectiveUS /ənkəˈlektɪd/

not brought together in one place

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

UniformadjectiveUS /ˈjuːnəfɔːrm/

always the same; showing a single form or character in all occurrences

From this reading _Of the Uncollected Poems published in the Uniform Edition of_ 1908, _a few_, _including the Translations from the Greek and the Polish_, _are omitted_.

Vellumnoun

a heavy creamy-colored paper resembling parchment

From this reading _First Published_— _Ravenna_ _1878_ _Poems_ _1881_ ,, _Fifth Edition_ _1882_ _The Sphinx_ _1894_ _The Ballad of Reading Gaol_ _1898_ _First Issued by Methuen and Co._ (_Limited _March 1908_ Editions on Handmade Paper and Japanese Vellum_) _Seventh Edition_ (_F’cap.

vo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 8vo_).

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Two new poems_, ‘_Désespoir_’ _and_ ‘_Pan_,’_ which I have recently discovered in manuscript_, _are now printed for the first time_.

Wilde'snounUS /waɪldz/

possessive form of “wilde” — Irish writer and wit (1854-1900)

From this reading _September 1909_ _Eighth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1909_ _Ninth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1909_ _Tenth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _November 1910_ _Eleventh Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _December 1911_ _Twelfth Edition_ ( ,, ,, ) _April 1913_ _This collection of Wilde’s Poems contains the volume of_ 1881 _in its entirety_, ‘_The Sphinx_’, ‘_The Ballad of Reading Gaol_,’ _and_ ‘_Ravenna_.’

Chapter 1 of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol by Oscar Wilde holds 79 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol contain?

Chapter 1 holds 79 sentences of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol by Oscar Wilde exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 79 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol

Common questions about reading Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol by Oscar Wilde on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol?

Yes. All 1183 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1057 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1057, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol take to read?

About 98 minutes of reading across 237 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol section by section

How to work through Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol

Words and structures a reader meets early in Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ravenna
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Poems
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poems, with The Ballad of Reading Gaol; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.