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Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives
Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives is here in full — 82 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives
Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MR.
COAN ANSWERS THE DOCTOR.
The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.
Everybody was talking of it.
The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives is here in full — 82 sentences across 17 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MR.
/ˈmɪstər/
Line 2
COAN ANSWERS THE DOCTOR.
Line 3
The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.
Line 4
Everybody was talking of it.
/ˈevribɑːdi wɑːz ˈtɔːkɪŋ ʌv ɪt/
Line 5
The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.
/ðə ˈfɑːrmərz æz ðeɪ droʊv ðer ˈɑːksən stept wɪð ə ˈvɪɡərəs er laɪk men ðæt wɜːr nɑːt ˈɡoʊɪŋ tuː biː brɔːt ˈʌndər ˈeni joʊk ʌv ˈbɑːndɪdʒ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bondage noun US /ˈbɑːndɪdʒ/

the state of being under the control of a force or influence or abstract power

From this reading “The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.”

controversial adjective US /ˌkɑːntrəˈvɜːrʃəl/

marked by or capable of arousing controversy

From this reading “The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.”

doctor's noun US /ˈdɑːktərz/

possessive form of “doctor” — a licensed medical practitioner

From this reading “The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.”

farmers noun US /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading “The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.”

oxen noun US /ˈɑːksən/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading “The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.”

sermons noun US /ˈsɜːrmənz/

plural of “sermon” — an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading “The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.”

strengthened adjective US /ˈstreŋθənd/

given added strength or support

From this reading “The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.”

yoke noun US /joʊk/

fabric comprising a fitted part at the top of a garment

From this reading “The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

usual effect adjective + noun

In this reading “The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.”

All words in this reading · 48

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

ANSWERSnounUS /ˈænsərz/

plural of “answer” — a statement (either spoken or written) that is made to reply to a question or request or criticism or accusation

From this reading COAN ANSWERS THE DOCTOR.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

bondagenounUS /ˈbɑːndɪdʒ/

the state of being under the control of a force or influence or abstract power

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

COAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading COAN ANSWERS THE DOCTOR.

controversialadjectiveUS /ˌkɑːntrəˈvɜːrʃəl/

marked by or capable of arousing controversy

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

convincedadjectiveUS /kənˈvɪnst/

persuaded of; very sure

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

DOCTORnounUS /ˈdɑːktər/

a licensed medical practitioner

From this reading COAN ANSWERS THE DOCTOR.

doctor'snounUS /ˈdɑːktərz/

possessive form of “doctor” — a licensed medical practitioner

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

everybodypronounUS /ˈevribɑːdi/

every person

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

farmersnounUS /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

MRnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading MR.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

oxennounUS /ˈɑːksən/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

sermonnounUS /ˈsɜːrmən/

an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

sermonsnounUS /ˈsɜːrmənz/

plural of “sermon” — an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

steppedverbUS /stept/

inflected form of “step” — shift or move by taking a step

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

strengthenedadjectiveUS /ˈstreŋθənd/

given added strength or support

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

talkingnounUS /ˈtɔːkɪŋ/

an exchange of ideas via conversation

From this reading Everybody was talking of it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading COAN ANSWERS THE DOCTOR.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

vigorousadjectiveUS /ˈvɪɡərəs/

characterized by forceful and energetic action or activity

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The doctor's sermon had the usual effect of controversial sermons--it convinced everybody that was convinced before and strengthened those who before were strong.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

yokenounUS /joʊk/

fabric comprising a fitted part at the top of a garment

From this reading The farmers as they drove their oxen stepped with a vigorous air, like men that were not going to be brought under any yoke of bondage.

Chapter 8 of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives by Harriet Beecher Stowe holds 82 sentences, grouped into 17 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives contain?

Chapter 8 holds 82 sentences of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives, unabridged, divided into 17 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives by Harriet Beecher Stowe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 82 sentences, grouped into 17 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives?

Work through the 17 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 17 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives

Common questions about reading Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives by Harriet Beecher Stowe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives?

Yes. All 3395 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48190 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48190, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives take to read?

About 282 minutes of reading across 679 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives

Words and structures a reader meets early in Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Occurrence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poganuc People: Their Loves and Lives; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.