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Ponce de Leon
Ponce de Leon

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Ponce de Leon is here in full — 515 sentences across 103 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/103 · 5 lines
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THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.
According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.
As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.
Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.
Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ponce de Leon

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Ponce de Leon is here in full — 515 sentences across 103 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/103 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.
Line 2
According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.
Line 3
As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.
/æz ˈiːðər hoʊp ɔːr fɪr ɡeɪnd ðə əˈsendənt soʊ iːtʃ mæn spoʊk æz hɪz hoʊps ɔːr hɪz fɪrz ˈprɑːmptɪd hɪm/
Line 4
Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.
Line 5
Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ascendant noun US /əˈsendənt/

position or state of being dominant or in control

From this reading “As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.”

beset verb US /bɪˈset/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading “THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.”

boom verb US /buːm/

make a resonant sound, like artillery

From this reading “Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.”

conflicting adjective US /kənˈflɪktɪŋ/

in disagreement

From this reading “THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.”

encamped verb US /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading “According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.”

Plaza noun US /ˈplɑːzə/

a public square with room for pedestrians

From this reading “Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.”

questioners noun US /ˈkwestʃənərz/

plural of “questioner” — someone who asks a question

From this reading “THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.”

rumours noun US /ˈruːmərz/

plural of “rumour” — gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading “THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

church towers noun + noun counted as “church tower”

the tower of a church

In this reading “Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.”

nervous anxiety adjective + noun

In this reading “THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.”

beset by verb + particle

In this reading “THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.”

of musketry preposition + noun

In this reading “Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.”

open ground verb + noun

In this reading “Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.”

at dawn preposition + noun

In this reading “According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.”

search of verb + particle

In this reading “According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.”

All day adjective + noun

In this reading “THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.”

All words in this reading · 116

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

AccordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

anxietynounUS /æŋˈzaɪəti/

(psychiatry) a relatively permanent state of worry and nervousness occurring in a variety of mental disorders, usually accompanied by compulsive behavior or attacks of panic

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

ascendantnounUS /əˈsendənt/

position or state of being dominant or in control

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

besetverbUS /bɪˈset/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

boomverbUS /buːm/

make a resonant sound, like artillery

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

conflictingadjectiveUS /kənˈflɪktɪŋ/

in disagreement

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

crowdverbUS /kraʊd/

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

dawnnounUS /dɔːn/

the first light of day

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

dulladjectiveUS /dʌl/

lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

eageradjectiveUS /ˈiːɡər/

having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

encampedverbUS /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

entireadjectiveUS /ɪnˈtaɪər/

constituting the full quantity or extent; complete

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

eventidenoun

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

far-offadjective

very far away in space or time

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

fearsnounUS /fɪrz/

plural of “fear” — an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

fro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

Galvès

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

gleaning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

gunnounUS /ɡʌn/

a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

hopesnounUS /hoʊps/

plural of “hope” — a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

horsemannounUS /ˈhɔːrsmən/

a man skilled in equitation

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

intelligencenounUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəns/

the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

Liniers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

manoeuvring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

marchedverbUS /mɑːrtʃt/

past form of “march” — march in a procession

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

marchingnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/

the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

Miserere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

musketrynoun

musketeers and their muskets collectively

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

nervousadjectiveUS /ˈnɜːrvəs/

easily agitated

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

NIGHTnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

occasionallyadverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

sporadically and infrequently

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

PlazanounUS /ˈplɑːzə/

a public square with room for pedestrians

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

promptedverbUS /ˈprɑːmptɪd/

past form of “prompt” — give an incentive for action

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

Puente

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

questionersnounUS /ˈkwestʃənərz/

plural of “questioner” — someone who asks a question

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

rattlingnounUS /ˈrætlɪŋ/

a rapid series of short loud sounds (as might be heard with a stethoscope in some types of respiratory disorders)

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

red-coatedadjective

used of British soldiers during the American Revolutionary War because of their red coats

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

Riachuelo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

rumoursnounUS /ˈruːmərz/

plural of “rumour” — gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

searchverbUS /sɜːrtʃ/

try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

soldierynoun

soldiers collectively

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

SORROWnounUS /ˈsɑːroʊ/

an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading As either hope or fear gained the ascendant, so each man spoke as his hopes or his fears prompted him.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

towersnounUS /ˈtaʊərz/

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Then in the eventide it spread about that the enemy had passed the Riachuelo and was marching upon the city, from the church towers their red-coated soldiery could be seen manoeuvring on the open ground of the Plaza Miserere.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading THE NIGHT OF SORROW All day the city had been in a state of nervous anxiety, all manner of conflicting rumours were current, every horseman who appeared in the streets was beset by a crowd of eager questioners, men ran to and fro and went from house to house, gleaning what intelligence they could.

woreverbUS /wɔːr/

inflected form of “wear” — be dressed in

From this reading Thus the day wore on; occasionally there was heard the far-off rattling of musketry or the dull boom of a distant gun, but nothing certain was known.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading According to some General Liniers had marched from the Puente Galvès at dawn in search of the enemy, according to others he was yet encamped there and beset by the entire English army.

Chapter 13 of Ponce de Leon by William Pilling holds 515 sentences, grouped into 103 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Ponce de Leon contain?

Chapter 13 holds 515 sentences of Ponce de Leon, unabridged, divided into 103 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Ponce de Leon by William Pilling exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 515 sentences, grouped into 103 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Ponce de Leon?

Work through the 103 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 103 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ponce de Leon

Common questions about reading Ponce de Leon by William Pilling on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ponce de Leon?

Yes. All 9076 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40859 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ponce de Leon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40859, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ponce de Leon take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1816 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ponce de Leon section by section

How to work through Ponce de Leon section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 37 chapters of Ponce de Leon to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ponce de Leon

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ponce de Leon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Freedom
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ponce de Leon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prologue
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ponce de Leon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Viceroys
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ponce de Leon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tertulia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ponce de Leon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.