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Poor Folk
Poor Folk

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Poor Folk is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Poor Folk
Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!
That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.
At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.
Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!
For you had understood what I wanted, you had understood what my heart was craving for.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Poor Folk

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Poor Folk is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!
Line 2
That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.
/ðæt wɑːz bɪˈkɔːz fɔːr wʌns ɪn jɔːr laɪf juː hæd rɪˈlentɪd soʊ fɑːr æz tuː oʊˈbeɪ maɪ ˈwɪʃɪz/
Line 3
At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.
Line 4
Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!
Line 5
For you had understood what I wanted, you had understood what my heart was craving for.
/fɔːr juː hæd ˌʌndərˈstʊd wʌt aɪ ˈwɔːntɪd juː hæd ˌʌndərˈstʊd wʌt maɪ hɑːrt wɑːz ˈkreɪvɪŋ fɔːr/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

awoke verb US /əˈwoʊk/

inflected form of “awake” — stop sleeping

From this reading “At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.”

craving noun US /ˈkreɪvɪŋ/

an intense desire for some particular thing

From this reading “For you had understood what I wanted, you had understood what my heart was craving for.”

immeasurably adverb US /ˌɪˈmeʒəræbli/

to an immeasurable degree; beyond measurement

From this reading “MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!”

impossibly adverb US /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbli/

to a degree impossible of achievement

From this reading “MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!”

leap noun US /liːp/

a light, self-propelled movement upwards or forwards

From this reading “Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!”

lighting noun US /ˈlaɪtɪŋ/

having abundant light or illumination

From this reading “At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.”

relented verb US /rɪˈlentɪd/

past form of “relent” — give in, as to influence or pressure

From this reading “That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.”

trimmed adjective US /trɪmd/

made neat and tidy by trimming

From this reading “At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

ALEXIEVNA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

awokeverbUS /əˈwoʊk/

inflected form of “awake” — stop sleeping

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

BARBARA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

belovedadjectiveUS /bɪˈlʌvd/

dearly loved

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

candlenounUS /ˈkændəl/

stick of wax with a wick in the middle

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

cravingnounUS /ˈkreɪvɪŋ/

an intense desire for some particular thing

From this reading For you had understood what I wanted, you had understood what my heart was craving for.

DEARESTnounUS /ˈdɪrəst/

a beloved person; used as terms of endearment

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

immeasurablyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmeʒəræbli/

to an immeasurable degree; beyond measurement

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

impossiblyadverbUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbli/

to a degree impossible of achievement

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

leapnounUS /liːp/

a light, self-propelled movement upwards or forwards

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

lightingnounUS /ˈlaɪtɪŋ/

having abundant light or illumination

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

obeyverbUS /oʊˈbeɪ/

be obedient to

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

pennounUS /pen/

a writing implement with a point from which ink flows

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

relentedverbUS /rɪˈlentɪd/

past form of “relent” — give in, as to influence or pressure

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

trimmedadjectiveUS /trɪmd/

made neat and tidy by trimming

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading For you had understood what I wanted, you had understood what my heart was craving for.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading For you had understood what I wanted, you had understood what my heart was craving for.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading MY DEAREST BARBARA ALEXIEVNA,--How happy I was last night--how immeasurably, how impossibly happy!

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading For you had understood what I wanted, you had understood what my heart was craving for.

wishesnounUS /ˈwɪʃɪz/

plural of “wish” — a specific feeling of desire

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Then suddenly, for some reason or another, I raised my eyes--and felt my very heart leap within me!

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading At about eight o’clock I awoke from sleep (you know, my beloved one, that I always like to sleep for a short hour after my work is done)--I awoke, I say, and, lighting a candle, prepared my paper to write, and trimmed my pen.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading That was because for once in your life you had relented so far as to obey my wishes.

Chapter 1 of Poor Folk by Fyodor Dostoyevsky holds 193 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Poor Folk contain?

Chapter 1 holds 193 sentences of Poor Folk, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Poor Folk by Fyodor Dostoyevsky exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 193 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Poor Folk?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Poor Folk

Common questions about reading Poor Folk by Fyodor Dostoyevsky on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Poor Folk?

Yes. All 3043 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2302 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Poor Folk is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2302, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Poor Folk take to read?

About 253 minutes of reading across 609 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Poor Folk section by section

How to work through Poor Folk section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Poor Folk to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Poor Folk

Words and structures a reader meets early in Poor Folk, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Dearest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poor Folk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Barbara
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poor Folk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Alexievna
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poor Folk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Happy
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poor Folk; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.