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Poor Man's Rock
Poor Man's Rock

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Poor Man's Rock is here in full — 319 sentences across 64 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Poor Man's Rock
Context Illustration Reading 1/63 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.
The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.
He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.
If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.
Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Poor Man's Rock

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Poor Man's Rock is here in full — 319 sentences across 64 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/63 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.
Line 2
The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.
/ðə er ˈsɜːrvəs hæd bɪˈstoʊd əˈpɑːn hɪm ə les ˈrɪɡərəs ˈdɪsəplən bʌt ə fɑːr mɔːr ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ ˌselfkənˈtroʊl/
Line 3
He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.
Line 4
If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.
Line 5
Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.
/pərˈhæps ðə er ˈsɜːrvəs wɑːz juːˈniːk ɪn ðæt ɪt wɑːz æt wʌns ðə moʊst ˈdeɪndʒərəs ənd ðə moʊst ˌdeməˈkrætɪk ənd ðə moʊst ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl ʌv ɔːl ðə ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃənz ðæt fɔːt ðə ˈdʒɜːrmənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accentuate verb US /ækˈsentʃuːeɪt/

to stress, single out as important

From this reading “If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.”

cheating adjective US /ˈtʃiːtɪŋ/

not faithful to a spouse or lover

From this reading “If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.”

commodity noun US /kəˈmɑːdəti/

articles of commerce

From this reading “If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.”

Complexity noun US /kəmˈpleksəti/

the quality of being intricate and compounded

From this reading “The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.”

firebrand noun US /ˈfaɪərbrænd/

a piece of wood that has been burned or is burning

From this reading “He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.”

organizations noun US /ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃənz/

plural of “organization” — a group of people who work together

From this reading “Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.”

perishable noun US /ˈperɪʃəbəl/

food that will decay rapidly if not refrigerated

From this reading “If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.”

rigorous adjective US /ˈrɪɡərəs/

rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard

From this reading “The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.”

All words in this reading · 117

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

accentuateverbUS /ækˈsentʃuːeɪt/

to stress, single out as important

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

AirnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

awareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

bestowedverbUS /bɪˈstoʊd/

past form of “bestow” — present

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

capacitynounUS /kəˈpæsəti/

capability to perform or produce

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

cheapadjectiveUS /tʃiːp/

relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

cheatingadjectiveUS /ˈtʃiːtɪŋ/

not faithful to a spouse or lover

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

checksnounUS /tʃeks/

plural of “check” — a written order directing a bank to pay money

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

commoditynounUS /kəˈmɑːdəti/

articles of commerce

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

ComplexitynounUS /kəmˈpleksəti/

the quality of being intricate and compounded

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

democraticadjectiveUS /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/

characterized by or advocating or based upon the principles of democracy or social equality

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

distastenounUS /dɪˈsteɪst/

a feeling of intense dislike

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

exactingadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzæktɪŋ/

having complicated nutritional requirements; especially growing only in special artificial cultures

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

extendingverbUS /ɪkˈstendɪŋ/

-ing form of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

extremesnounUS /ekˈstriːmz/

plural of “extreme” — the furthest or highest degree of something

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

fieryadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪəri/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

firebrandnounUS /ˈfaɪərbrænd/

a piece of wood that has been burned or is burning

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

GermansnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrmənz/

plural of “german” — a person of German nationality

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

headlongadverbUS /ˈhedlɔːŋ/

with the head foremost

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

honornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

ignobleadjectiveUS /ˌɪɡˈnoʊbəl/

completely lacking nobility in character or quality or purpose

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

imposedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpoʊzd/

set forth authoritatively as obligatory

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

impulsesnounUS /ˈɪmpəlsɪz/

plural of “impulse” — an instinctive motive

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

individualadjectiveUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

JacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

King'snounUS /kɪŋz/

possessive form of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

MacRae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

manifoldnounUS /ˈmænəfoʊld/

a pipe that has several lateral outlets to or from other pipes

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

MattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

organizationsnounUS /ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃənz/

plural of “organization” — a group of people who work together

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

passionateadjectiveUS /ˈpæʃənət/

having or expressing strong emotions

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

PerhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

perishablenounUS /ˈperɪʃəbəl/

food that will decay rapidly if not refrigerated

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

pettyadjectiveUS /ˈpetiː/

inferior in rank or status

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

preciselyadverbUS /prɪˈsaɪsli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

residedverbUS /rɪˈzaɪdɪd/

past form of “reside” — make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

restraintnounUS /rɪˈstreɪnt/

the act of controlling by restraining someone or something

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

rigidadjectiveUS /ˈrɪdʒəd/

incapable of or resistant to bending

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

rigorousadjectiveUS /ˈrɪɡərəs/

rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

savedadjectiveUS /seɪvd/

rescued; especially from the power and consequences of sin

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

self-controlnounUS /ˌselfkənˈtroʊl/

the act of denying yourself; controlling your impulses

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

ServicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

SimpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

situationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

sortsnounUS /sɔːrts/

plural of “sort” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

tempernounUS /ˈtempər/

a sudden outburst of anger

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Complexity of Simple Matters The army, for a period extending over many months, had imposed a rigid discipline on Jack MacRae.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

uniformadjectiveUS /ˈjuːnəfɔːrm/

always the same; showing a single form or character in all occurrences

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

uniqueadjectiveUS /juːˈniːk/

radically distinctive and without equal

From this reading Perhaps the Air Service was unique in that it was at once the most dangerous and the most democratic and the most individual of all the organizations that fought the Germans.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The Air Service had bestowed upon him a less rigorous discipline, but a far more exacting self-control.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

vitaladjectiveUS /ˈvaɪtəl/

urgently needed; absolutely necessary

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading If the war had made human life seem a cheap and perishable commodity, it had also worked to give men like MacRae a high sense of honor, to accentuate a natural distaste for lying and cheating, for anything that was mean, petty, ignoble.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading He was not precisely aware of it, but those four years had saved him from being a firebrand of sorts in his present situation, because there resided in him a fiery temper and a capacity for passionate extremes, and those years in the King's uniform, whatever else they may have done for him, had placed upon his headlong impulses manifold checks, taught him the vital necessity of restraint, the value of restraint.

Chapter 9 of Poor Man's Rock by Bertrand W. Sinclair holds 319 sentences, grouped into 64 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Poor Man's Rock contain?

Chapter 9 holds 319 sentences of Poor Man's Rock, unabridged, divided into 64 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Poor Man's Rock by Bertrand W. Sinclair exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 319 sentences, grouped into 64 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Poor Man's Rock?

Work through the 64 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 64 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Poor Man's Rock

Common questions about reading Poor Man's Rock by Bertrand W. Sinclair on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Poor Man's Rock?

Yes. All 6386 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16541 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Poor Man's Rock is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16541, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Poor Man's Rock take to read?

About 532 minutes of reading across 1278 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Poor Man's Rock section by section

How to work through Poor Man's Rock section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Poor Man's Rock to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Poor Man's Rock

Words and structures a reader meets early in Poor Man's Rock, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Afternoon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poor Man's Rock; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poor Man's Rock; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
November
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poor Man's Rock; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Under
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Poor Man's Rock; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.