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Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San
Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San is here in full — 169 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San
Context Illustration Reading 1/33 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.
Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.
Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.
These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.
There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San is here in full — 169 sentences across 34 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/33 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.
/ðə ˈpiːpəl ənd ðə lɔː ˈfraɪtənd ˈdesprɪt ˈæŋɡərd baɪ ðə ˌjuːsərˈpeɪʃən ʌv ðer ˈpaʊər ˈverid ˈfɔːrsɪz kəmˈbaɪnd ɪn ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃən tuː ðə ˈvɪdʒələns kəˈmɪti/
Line 2
Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.
Line 3
Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.
Line 4
These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.
/ðiːz wɜːr ˈfaɪəri ˈfɪrləs ˈeləkwənt ənd kwɪk æt ˈstrætədʒəm/
Line 5
There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

affiliated adjective US /əˈfɪlieɪtɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading “Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.”

angered adjective US /ˈæŋɡərd/

marked by extreme anger

From this reading “THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.”

faction noun US /ˈfækʃən/

a clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue

From this reading “Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.”

formative noun US /ˈfɔːrmətɪv/

minimal language unit that has a syntactic (or morphological) function

From this reading “There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.”

stratagem noun US /ˈstrætədʒəm/

a maneuver in a game or conversation

From this reading “These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.”

Tammany noun US /ˈtæməni/

a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York City (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism

From this reading “There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.”

usurpation noun US /ˌjuːsərˈpeɪʃən/

entry to another's property without right or permission

From this reading “THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.”

Vigilance noun US /ˈvɪdʒələns/

the process of paying close and continuous attention

From this reading “THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

affiliatedadjectiveUS /əˈfɪlieɪtɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

angeredadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡərd/

marked by extreme anger

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

arrayedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪd/

in ceremonial attire and paraphernalia

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

brainsnounUS /breɪnz/

plural of “brain” — that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

Broderick's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

CalifornianounUS /ˌkæləˈfɔːrnjə/

a state in the western United States on the Pacific; the 3rd largest state; known for earthquakes

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

ChivalrynounUS /ˈʃɪvəlri/

courtesy towards women

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

combinedadjectiveUS /kəmˈbaɪnd/

made or joined or united into one

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

CommitteenounUS /kəˈmɪti/

a special group delegated to consider some matter

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

desperateadjectiveUS /ˈdesprɪt/

arising from or marked by despair or loss of hope

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

eloquentadjectiveUS /ˈeləkwənt/

expressing yourself readily, clearly, effectively

From this reading These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

factionnounUS /ˈfækʃən/

a clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

fearlessadjectiveUS /ˈfɪrləs/

oblivious of dangers or perils or calmly resolute in facing them

From this reading These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.

fieryadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪəri/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

formativenounUS /ˈfɔːrmətɪv/

minimal language unit that has a syntactic (or morphological) function

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

FrightenedadjectiveUS /ˈfraɪtənd/

made afraid

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

introduceverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːs/

cause to come to know personally

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

LAWnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

machinenounUS /məˈʃiːn/

any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

naturallyadverbUS /ˈnætʃərəli/

as might be expected

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

office-holders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

oppositionnounUS /ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

organizationnounUS /ˌɔːrɡənəˈzeɪʃən/

a group of people who work together

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

PEOPLEnounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

PoliticaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

politiciansnounUS /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃənz/

plural of “politician” — a leader engaged in civil administration

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

quickadjectiveUS /kwɪk/

accomplished rapidly and without delay

From this reading These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.

slaverynounUS /ˈsleɪvəri/

the state of being under the control of another person

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

SouthernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

stagenounUS /steɪdʒ/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

stratagemnounUS /ˈstrætədʒəm/

a maneuver in a game or conversation

From this reading These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.

TammanynounUS /ˈtæməni/

a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York City (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These were fiery, fearless, eloquent and quick at stratagem.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

usurpationnounUS /ˌjuːsərˈpeɪʃən/

entry to another's property without right or permission

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

variedadjectiveUS /ˈverid/

characterized by variety

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

VigilancenounUS /ˈvɪdʒələns/

the process of paying close and continuous attention

From this reading THE PEOPLE AND THE LAW Frightened, desperate, angered by the usurpation of their power, varied forces combined in opposition to the Vigilance Committee.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Political office-holders, good and bad, were naturally arrayed against it, and for the first time made a common cause.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Among the politicians were many men of brains, especially those affiliated with the "Chivalry" faction, as it was known--Southern men whose object it was to introduce slavery into California.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading There was also Broderick's Tammany organization, an almost perfect political machine, though as yet in the formative stage.

Chapter 16 of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San by Louis J. (Louis John) Stellman holds 169 sentences, grouped into 34 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San contain?

Chapter 16 holds 169 sentences of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San, unabridged, divided into 34 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San by Louis J. (Louis John) Stellman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 169 sentences, grouped into 34 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San?

Work through the 34 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 34 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San

Common questions about reading Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San by Louis J. (Louis John) Stellman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 9557 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12560 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12560, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 1912 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San

Words and structures a reader meets early in Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Quarters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Century
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Port O' Gold A History-Romance of the San; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.