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Portia
Portia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Portia is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.
THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.
The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.
It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.
When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Portia

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Portia is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.
Line 2
THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.
Line 3
The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.
/ðə ˈhɔːrsəz ˈsnɪfɪŋ ðə er ʌv hoʊm flɪŋ ʌp ðer hedz ənd meɪk stɪl ˈɡreɪtər heɪst ənˈtɪl ˈprezəntli ˈraʊndɪŋ ðə kɜːrv ðeɪ drɔː ʌp bɪˈfɔːr ðə hɔːl dɔːr/
Line 4
It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.
/ɪt stændz ˈoʊ.pən ənd ɑːn ðə haɪ stoʊn steps ðæt led tuː ɪt ə ˈveri ˈprɪti ɡɜːrl lʊks daʊn əˈpɑːn ðə ˈkærɪdʒ frʌm ˈʌndər hɜːr pɑːm wɪð ə feɪs ˈiːɡər ənd ɪkˈspektənt/
Line 5
When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

elms noun US /elmz/

plural of “elm” — any of various trees of the genus Ulmus: important timber or shade trees

From this reading “THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.”

expectant adjective US /ɪkˈspektənt/

marked by eager anticipation

From this reading “It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.”

flinging verb US /ˈflɪŋɪŋ/

-ing form of “fling” — throw with force or recklessness

From this reading “THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.”

labors noun US /ˈleɪbərz/

plural of “labor” — a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading “"A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.”

love's noun US /lʌvz/

possessive form of “love” — a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading “"A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.”

occupant noun US /ˈɑːkjəpənt/

someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there

From this reading “When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.”

rounding noun US /ˈraʊndɪŋ/

(mathematics) a miscalculation that results from rounding off numbers to a convenient number of decimals

From this reading “The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.”

sniffing verb US /ˈsnɪfɪŋ/

-ing form of “sniff” — perceive by inhaling through the nose

From this reading “The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sniffing the air verb + article + noun counted as “sniff … air”

In this reading “The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.”

stone steps noun + noun

In this reading “It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.”

pretty girl adjective + noun

In this reading “It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.”

glanced at verb + particle counted as “glance at”

In this reading “When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.”

looks anxiously verb + particle counted as “look anxiously”

In this reading “When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.”

hall door noun + noun

In this reading “The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.”

deep satisfaction adjective + noun

In this reading “When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.”

carriage door noun + noun

In this reading “When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.”

All words in this reading · 109

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

Ah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

anxiouslyadverbUS /ˈæŋkʃəsli/

with anxiety or apprehension

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

avenuenounUS /ˈævənuː/

a line of approach

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

barelyadverbUS /ˈberli/

only a very short time before

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

beeches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

carriagenounUS /ˈkærɪdʒ/

a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

coppernounUS /ˈkɑːpər/

a ductile malleable reddish-brown corrosion-resistant diamagnetic metallic element; occurs in various minerals but is the only metal that occurs abundantly in large masses; used as an electrical and thermal conductor

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

curvenounUS /kɜːrv/

the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

drawverbUS /drɔː/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

dyingadjectiveUS /ˈdaɪɪŋ/

in or associated with the process of passing from life or ceasing to be

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

eageradjectiveUS /ˈiːɡər/

having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

elmsnounUS /elmz/

plural of “elm” — any of various trees of the genus Ulmus: important timber or shade trees

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

EvenounUS /iːv/

(Old Testament) Adam's wife in Judeo-Christian mythology: the first woman and mother of the human race; God created Eve from Adam's rib and placed Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

expectantadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektənt/

marked by eager anticipation

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

femaleadjectiveUS /ˈfiːmeɪl/

being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

flingverbUS /flɪŋ/

throw with force or recklessness

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

flingingverbUS /ˈflɪŋɪŋ/

-ing form of “fling” — throw with force or recklessness

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

gatesnounUS /ɡeɪts/

United States computer entrepreneur whose software company made him the youngest multi-billionaire in the history of the United States (born in 1955)

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

glancedverbUS /ɡlænst/

past form of “glance” — throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

grandmothernounUS /ˈɡrændmʌðər/

the mother of your father or mother

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

gravelnounUS /ˈɡrævəl/

rock fragments and pebbles

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

handleverbUS /ˈhændəl/

be in charge of, act on, or dispose of

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

hastenounUS /heɪst/

overly eager speed (and possible carelessness)

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

LABORSnounUS /ˈleɪbərz/

plural of “labor” — a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

looksnounUS /lʊks/

plural of “look” — the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

LOSTadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

LOVE'SnounUS /lʌvz/

possessive form of “love” — a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

occupantnounUS /ˈɑːkjəpənt/

someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

palmnounUS /pɑːm/

the inner surface of the hand from the wrist to the base of the fingers

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

partingnounUS /ˈpɑːrtɪŋ/

the act of departing politely

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

presentlyadverbUS /ˈprezəntli/

in the near future

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

raysnounUS /reɪz/

plural of “ray” — a column of light (as from a beacon)

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

rollsnounUS /roʊlz/

plural of “roll” — rotary motion of an object around its own axis

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

roundingnounUS /ˈraʊndɪŋ/

(mathematics) a miscalculation that results from rounding off numbers to a convenient number of decimals

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

smoothlyadverbUS /ˈsmuːðli/

with no problems or difficulties

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

sniffingverbUS /ˈsnɪfɪŋ/

-ing form of “sniff” — perceive by inhaling through the nose

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

thrownadjectiveUS /θroʊn/

caused to fall to the ground

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

tonenounUS /toʊn/

the quality of a person's voice

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

turnsnounUS /tɜːrnz/

plural of “turn” — a circular segment of a curve

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

understandingnounUS /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

the cognitive condition of someone who understands

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The horses, sniffing the air of home, fling up their heads and make still greater haste, until presently, rounding the curve, they draw up before the hall door.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

wavingnounUS /ˈweɪvɪŋ/

the act of signaling by a movement of the hand

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When she has barely glanced at it, she says, "Ah!" in a tone of deep satisfaction, and running down the steps and over the gravel, turns the handle of the carriage door and looks anxiously at its occupant.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading THE gates are thrown wide open, and the carriage rolls smoothly down the long dark avenue, beneath the waving branches of the tall elms and the copper beeches, through which the dying sun is flinging its parting rays.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It stands open, and on the high, stone steps that lead to it, a very pretty girl looks down upon the carriage from under her palm, with a face eager and expectant.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading "A child of our grandmother Eve, a female; or, for thy more sweet understanding, a woman."--LOVE'S LABORS LOST.

Chapter 1 of Portia by Duchess holds 75 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Portia contain?

Chapter 1 holds 75 sentences of Portia, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Portia by Duchess exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 75 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Portia?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Portia

Common questions about reading Portia by Duchess on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Portia?

Yes. All 6566 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31825 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Portia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31825, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Portia take to read?

About 547 minutes of reading across 1314 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Portia section by section

How to work through Portia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of Portia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Portia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Portia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Child
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Portia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grandmother
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Portia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Female
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Portia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sweet
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Portia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.