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Practical Mechanics for Boys
Practical Mechanics for Boys

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Practical Mechanics for Boys is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
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HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.
If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.
IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.
Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.
It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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Practical Mechanics for Boys

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Practical Mechanics for Boys is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.
Line 2
If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.
Line 3
IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.
Line 4
Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.
/hiːr wiː hæv ə leɪð ˈweɪɪŋ ə ˈθaʊzənd paʊndz wɜːrθ ˈhʌndrədz ʌv ˈdɑːlərz ˈkɑːnsəntreɪtɪŋ ɪts ɪnˈtaɪər ˈenərdʒiz ɑːn ə ˈlɪtəl bɪt ˈweɪɪŋ eɪt ˈaʊnsəz ənd wɜːrθ les ðæn ə ˈdɑːlər/
Line 5
It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.
/ɪt meɪ ðʌs ˈredəli biː siːn ðæt ɪt ɪz ðə ˈlɪtəl bɑːr ʌv ˈmetəl frʌm wɪtʃ ðə smɔːl tuːl ɪz meɪd ðæt niːdz ˈaʊər ker ənd əˈtenʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

concentrating verb US /ˈkɑːnsəntreɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “concentrate” — make denser, stronger, or purer

From this reading “Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.”

drilling noun US /ˈdrɪlɪŋ/

the act of drilling

From this reading “If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.”

inconsequential adjective US /ˌɪŋkɑːnsəˈkwentʃəl/

lacking worth or importance

From this reading “If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.”

lathe noun US /leɪð/

machine tool for shaping metal or wood; the workpiece turns about a horizontal axis against a fixed tool

From this reading “If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.”

milling noun US /ˈmɪlɪŋ/

corrugated edge of a coin

From this reading “If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.”

ounces noun US /ˈaʊnsəz/

plural of “ounce” — a unit of apothecary weight equal to 480 grains or one twelfth of a troy pound

From this reading “Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.”

planer noun US /ˈpleɪnər/

a power tool for smoothing or shaping wood

From this reading “If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.”

sharpen verb US /ˈʃɑːrpən/

make sharp or sharper

From this reading “HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

barnounUS /bɑːr/

a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

bitnounUS /bɪt/

a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

chapternounUS /ˈtʃæptər/

a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

concentratingverbUS /ˈkɑːnsəntreɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “concentrate” — make denser, stronger, or purer

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

contrivedadjectiveUS /kənˈtraɪvd/

showing effects of planning or manipulation

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

CUTTINGnounUS /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

dollarnounUS /ˈdɑːlər/

the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

dollarsnounUS /ˈdɑːlərz/

plural of “dollar” — the basic monetary unit in many countries; equal to 100 cents

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

drillingnounUS /ˈdrɪlɪŋ/

the act of drilling

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

energiesnounUS /ˈenərdʒiz/

plural of “energy” — (physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

entireadjectiveUS /ɪnˈtaɪər/

constituting the full quantity or extent; complete

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

GRINDverbUS /ɡraɪnd/

press or grind with a crushing noise

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

handleverbUS /ˈhændəl/

be in charge of, act on, or dispose of

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

HOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

hundredsnounUS /ˈhʌndrədz/

plural of “hundred” — ten 10s

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

IMPORTANCEnounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

inconsequentialadjectiveUS /ˌɪŋkɑːnsəˈkwentʃəl/

lacking worth or importance

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

lathenounUS /leɪð/

machine tool for shaping metal or wood; the workpiece turns about a horizontal axis against a fixed tool

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

machinenounUS /məˈʃiːn/

any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

materialadjectiveUS /məˈtɪriəl/

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

mechanismnounUS /ˈmekənɪzəm/

the atomic process that occurs during a chemical reaction

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

metalnounUS /ˈmetəl/

any of several chemical elements that are usually shiny solids that conduct heat or electricity and can be formed into sheets etc.

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

millingnounUS /ˈmɪlɪŋ/

corrugated edge of a coin

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

needsadverbUS /niːdz/

in such a manner as could not be otherwise

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

ouncesnounUS /ˈaʊnsəz/

plural of “ounce” — a unit of apothecary weight equal to 480 grains or one twelfth of a troy pound

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

planernounUS /ˈpleɪnər/

a power tool for smoothing or shaping wood

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

poundsnounUS /paʊndz/

plural of “pound” — 16 ounces avoirdupois

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

power-drivenadjective

powered by a motor

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

precedingadjectiveUS /priˈsiːdɪŋ/

existing or coming before

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

preparationnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃən/

the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

readilyadverbUS /ˈredəli/

without much difficulty

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

requireverbUS /ˌriːˈkwaɪər/

require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

shapernoun

a person who makes things

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

SHARPENverbUS /ˈʃɑːrpən/

make sharp or sharper

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading It may thus readily be seen that it is the little bar of metal from which the small tool is made that needs our care and attention.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

toolnounUS /tuːl/

an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

TOOLSnounUS /tuːlz/

plural of “tool” — an implement used in the practice of a vocation

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

varietynounUS /vərˈaɪəti/

a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading IMPORTANCE OF THE CUTTING TOOL.--But it is this very fact that makes the preparation of that part of the mechanism so important.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

weighingnounUS /ˈweɪɪŋ/

careful consideration

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading If we take the lathe, the drilling machine, as well as the shaper, planer, milling machine, and all power-driven tools, they are merely mechanism contrived to handle some small, and, apparently, inconsequential tool, which does the work on the material.

workmannounUS /ˈwɜːrkmən/

an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading HOW TO GRIND AND SHARPEN TOOLS It is singular, that with the immense variety of tools set forth in the preceding chapter, how few, really, require the art of the workman to grind and sharpen.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading Here we have a lathe, weighing a thousand pounds, worth hundreds of dollars, concentrating its entire energies on a little bit, weighing eight ounces, and worth less than a dollar.

Chapter 2 of Practical Mechanics for Boys by James Slough Zerbe holds 75 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Practical Mechanics for Boys contain?

Chapter 2 holds 75 sentences of Practical Mechanics for Boys, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Practical Mechanics for Boys by James Slough Zerbe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 75 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Practical Mechanics for Boys?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Practical Mechanics for Boys

Common questions about reading Practical Mechanics for Boys by James Slough Zerbe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Practical Mechanics for Boys?

Yes. All 1572 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #22298 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Practical Mechanics for Boys is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #22298, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Practical Mechanics for Boys take to read?

About 131 minutes of reading across 315 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Practical Mechanics for Boys section by section

How to work through Practical Mechanics for Boys section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in Practical Mechanics for Boys

Words and structures a reader meets early in Practical Mechanics for Boys, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tools
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Practical Mechanics for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Generally
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Practical Mechanics for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Judging
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Practical Mechanics for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Favorable
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Practical Mechanics for Boys; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.