Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Preface to Shakespeare
Preface to Shakespeare

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Preface to Shakespeare is here in full — 384 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Preface to Shakespeare
Context Illustration Reading 1/76 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.
Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.
The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.
I have sometimes inserted or omitted them without notice.
I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Preface to Shakespeare

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Preface to Shakespeare is here in full — 384 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/76 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.
Line 2
Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.
Line 3
The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.
/ðə seɪm ˈlɪb.ər.ti hæz bɪn ˈteɪkən wɪð ə fjuː ˈpɑːrtəkəlz ɔːr ˈʌðər wɜːrdz ʌv slaɪt ɪˈfekt/
Line 4
I have sometimes inserted or omitted them without notice.
/aɪ hæv səmˈtaɪmz ˌɪnˈsɜːrtəd ɔːr oʊˈmɪtəd ðem wɪˈθaʊt ˈnoʊtəs/
Line 5
I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.
/aɪ hæv dʌn ðæt səmˈtaɪmz wɪtʃ ðə ˈʌðər ˈedɪtərz hæv dʌn ˈɔːlweɪz ənd wɪtʃ ˌɪnˈdiːd ðə steɪt ʌv ðə tekst meɪ səˈfɪʃəntli ˈdʒʌstəfaɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adjusting verb US /əˈdʒʌstɪŋ/

-ing form of “adjust” — alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard

From this reading “Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.”

atoms noun US /ˈætəmz/

plural of “atom” — (physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

From this reading “Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.”

commas noun US /ˈkɑːməz/

plural of “comma” — a punctuation mark (,) used to indicate the separation of elements within the grammatical structure of a sentence

From this reading “In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.”

corrupted adjective US /kərˈʌptɪd/

containing errors or alterations

From this reading “In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.”

discursive adjective US /dɪˈskɜːrsɪv/

proceeding to a conclusion by reason or argument rather than intuition

From this reading “Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.”

evanescent adjective US /ˌevəˈnesənt/

tending to vanish like vapor

From this reading “Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.”

particles noun US /ˈpɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “particle” — (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything

From this reading “The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.”

punctuation noun US /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading “In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.”

All words in this reading · 86

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

adjustingverbUS /əˈdʒʌstɪŋ/

-ing form of “adjust” — alter or regulate so as to achieve accuracy or conform to a standard

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

atomsnounUS /ˈætəmz/

plural of “atom” — (physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

authour's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

busyadjectiveUS /ˈbɪzi/

actively or fully engaged or occupied

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

colons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

commasnounUS /ˈkɑːməz/

plural of “comma” — a punctuation mark (,) used to indicate the separation of elements within the grammatical structure of a sentence

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

corruptedadjectiveUS /kərˈʌptɪd/

containing errors or alterations

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

diligencenounUS /ˈdɪlədʒəns/

conscientiousness in paying proper attention to a task; giving the degree of care required in a given situation

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

discursiveadjectiveUS /dɪˈskɜːrsɪv/

proceeding to a conclusion by reason or argument rather than intuition

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

editorsnounUS /ˈedɪtərz/

plural of “editor” — a person responsible for the editorial aspects of publication; the person who determines the final content of a text (especially of a newspaper or magazine)

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

evanescentadjectiveUS /ˌevəˈnesənt/

tending to vanish like vapor

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

insertedverbUS /ˌɪnˈsɜːrtəd/

past form of “insert” — put or introduce into something

From this reading I have sometimes inserted or omitted them without notice.

integritynounUS /ˌɪnˈteɡrəti/

an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

justifyverbUS /ˈdʒʌstəfaɪ/

show to be right by providing justification or proof

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

noticenounUS /ˈnoʊtəs/

an announcement containing information about an event

From this reading I have sometimes inserted or omitted them without notice.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

omittedverbUS /oʊˈmɪtəd/

inflected form of “omit” — prevent from being included or considered or accepted

From this reading I have sometimes inserted or omitted them without notice.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

particlesnounUS /ˈpɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “particle” — (nontechnical usage) a tiny piece of anything

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

performedverbUS /pərˈfɔːrmd/

past form of “perform” — carry out or perform an action

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

punctuationnounUS /ˌpʌŋktʃuːˈeɪʃən/

something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisions

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

restoringverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrɪŋ/

-ing form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

sentencesnounUS /ˈsentənsəz/

plural of “sentence” — a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

silentlyadverbUS /ˈsaɪləntli/

without speaking

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

slightnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading I have sometimes inserted or omitted them without notice.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

steadilyadverbUS /ˈstedəli/

at a steady rate or pace

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading The same liberty has been taken with a few particles, or other words of slight effect.

textnounUS /tekst/

the words of something written

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading I have sometimes inserted or omitted them without notice.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

WhateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I have done that sometimes, which the other editors have done always, and which indeed the state of the text may sufficiently justify.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Whatever could be done by adjusting points is therefore silently performed, in some plays with much diligence, in others with less; it is hard to keep a busy eye steadily fixed upon evanescent atoms, or a discursive mind upon evanescent truth.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading I have sometimes inserted or omitted them without notice.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading In restoring the authour's works to their integrity, I have considered the punctuation as wholly in my power; for what could be their care of colons and commas, who corrupted words and sentences.

Chapter 2 of Preface to Shakespeare by Samuel Johnson holds 384 sentences, grouped into 77 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Preface to Shakespeare contain?

Chapter 2 holds 384 sentences of Preface to Shakespeare, unabridged, divided into 77 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Preface to Shakespeare by Samuel Johnson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 384 sentences, grouped into 77 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Preface to Shakespeare?

Work through the 77 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 77 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Preface to Shakespeare

Common questions about reading Preface to Shakespeare by Samuel Johnson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Preface to Shakespeare?

Yes. All 813 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5429 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Preface to Shakespeare is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5429, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Preface to Shakespeare take to read?

About 67 minutes of reading across 163 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Preface to Shakespeare section by section

How to work through Preface to Shakespeare section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of Preface to Shakespeare to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Preface to Shakespeare

Words and structures a reader meets early in Preface to Shakespeare, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Steve
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Preface to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Harris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Preface to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Charles
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Preface to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Franks
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Preface to Shakespeare; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.