Chapter 18 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 1 (of 2) is here in full — 397 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.
Chapter XVIII
Chapter 18 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 1 (of 2) is here in full — 397 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
[398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond. The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country. [399] Miss Sarah Holroyd. 346. _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
Chapter 18 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 1 (of 2) is here in full — 397 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.
Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5
These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.
Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.
a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area
From this reading “_To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.”
civilians trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army
From this reading “[398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.”
formed into a structured or coherent whole, particularly on a large scale
From this reading “The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.”
continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place
From this reading “The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.”
capital of the state of Virginia located in the east central part of the state; was capital of the Confederacy during the American Civil War
From this reading “[398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.”
the wife of your father by a subsequent marriage
From this reading “_To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.”
a county in southern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom that was captured by Wessex in the 9th century
From this reading “[398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.”
the fourth day of the week; the third working day
From this reading “_To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.”
English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.
Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.
Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.
Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading 346.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading [399] Miss Sarah Holroyd.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
a piece of open land for recreational use in an urban area
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
a politically organized body of people under a single government
From this reading The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.
(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires
From this reading The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.
a British peer of the highest rank
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.
a powerful effect or influence
From this reading The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
of greater importance or stature or rank
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
civilians trained as soldiers but not part of the regular army
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind
From this reading [399] Miss Sarah Holroyd.
a form of address for a man
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
according to the clock
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
formed into a structured or coherent whole, particularly on a large scale
From this reading The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.
continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place
From this reading The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.
capital of the state of Virginia located in the east central part of the state; was capital of the Confederacy during the American Civil War
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
(Old Testament) the wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac
From this reading [399] Miss Sarah Holroyd.
past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
the wife of your father by a subsequent marriage
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
a county in southern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom that was captured by Wessex in the 9th century
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
below or beneath something; less than
From this reading [398] Mr. Holroyd served as major in the Sussex Militia under the Duke of Richmond.
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading The militia was in 1778 organized as a permanent force for the defence of the country.
the fourth day of the week; the third working day
From this reading _To his Stepmother._ House of Commons, Wednesday Evening, ten o'clock, '78.
Chapter 18 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 1 (of 2) by Edward Gibbon holds 397 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.
Chapter 18 holds 397 sentences of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 1 (of 2), unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.
This page carries chapter 18 of Private Letters of Edward Gibbon (1753-1794) Volume 1 (of 2) by Edward Gibbon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 397 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.
Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.
Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.
Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.
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